McFadden G, Schreiber M, Sedger L
Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
J Neuroimmunol. 1997 Feb;72(2):119-26. doi: 10.1016/s0165-5728(96)00177-4.
Many poxviruses encode a plethora of immunomodulatory proteins, including homologs of cellular cytokine receptors. These receptor mimics, also referred to as viroceptors, are believed to function by binding and sequestering host cytokines thus preventing their signaling cascade prior to receptor engagement. The M-T2 protein of myxoma virus is a TNF receptor homolog that has two distinct activities: the secreted dimeric M-T2 protein binds and inhibits TNF alpha while the intracellular version permits myxoma virus replication in infected T-lymphocytes by blocking the cellular apoptosis response to the virus infection. Studies with M-T2 mutants reveal that distinct protein domains mediate these two anti-immune properties of this protein.
许多痘病毒编码大量免疫调节蛋白，包括细胞细胞因子受体的同源物。这些受体模拟物，也被称为病毒受体，被认为通过结合和隔离宿主细胞因子发挥作用，从而在受体结合之前阻止其信号级联反应。黏液瘤病毒的M-T2蛋白是一种肿瘤坏死因子受体同源物，具有两种不同的活性：分泌的二聚体M-T2蛋白结合并抑制肿瘤坏死因子α，而细胞内形式的M-T2蛋白通过阻断细胞对病毒感染的凋亡反应，使黏液瘤病毒在受感染的T淋巴细胞中复制。对M-T2突变体的研究表明，不同的蛋白结构域介导了该蛋白的这两种抗免疫特性。
