Matussek P
Klin Wochenschr. 1977 Sep 1;55(17):869-76. doi: 10.1007/BF01491302.
The individual disposition to react to different stressors to play an important role in an extreme stress situation, i.e. the incarceration in concentration camps. Ten to fourteen years after their liberation, 219 former concentration camp inmates now living in Bavaria, New York and Israel were given semi-structured interviews. Since no statistically significant correlations between psychic and somatic complaints and incarceration could be found, we computed a factor analysis on illness dimensions. We found high correlations between these and the stress induced by concentration camp incarceration. An important answer to the above mentioned questions was the fact that there was no homogeneous reaction syndrome, such as it has always been described in the literature on concentration camp syndromes. We found four patterns of delayed reaction to stress. According to the contribution of somatic and psychic complaints, the factors were named as follows: 1. psycho-physical syndrome, 2. internal disease, 3. gynaecological illness, 4. psychic (social) syndrome. Personality factors played an important role in the development of these syndromes, because they modified the degree of stress endured. Personality factors were shown to be dependent on life history. The importance of these results for mastering stressors is being discussed.
个体对不同压力源作出反应的倾向，在极端压力情境（即集中营监禁）中发挥着重要作用。在获释十到十四年后，对当时居住在巴伐利亚、纽约和以色列的219名前集中营囚犯进行了半结构化访谈。由于未发现心理和躯体不适与监禁之间存在统计学上的显著相关性，我们对疾病维度进行了因子分析。我们发现这些维度与集中营监禁所引发的压力之间存在高度相关性。对上述问题的一个重要答案是，不存在如集中营综合征文献中一直所描述的那种同质化反应综合征。我们发现了四种压力延迟反应模式。根据躯体和心理不适的程度，这些因素被命名如下：1. 身心综合征；2. 内科疾病；3. 妇科疾病；4. 心理（社会）综合征。人格因素在这些综合征的发展中起到了重要作用，因为它们改变了所承受压力的程度。人格因素被证明取决于生活经历。文中正在讨论这些结果对于应对压力源的重要性。
