Kleinschmidt S, Stöckl W, Wilhelm W, Larsen R
Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1997 Jan;14(1):40-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2346.1997.00063.x.
The effect of the addition of clonidine 2 micrograms kg-1 to prilocaine 0.5% for intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA) in the arm was investigated in 56 healthy patients using a randomized, double-blind study. The characteristics of the sensory and motor block, quality of analgesia, development of post-operative pain sensations and haemodynamic variables were studied in three groups (IVRA with prilocaine, IVRA with prilocaine and clonidine, IVRA with prilocaine and systemic application of clonidine at tourniquet release). There were no significant differences between the groups concerning the onset and recovery characteristics of sensory and motor blockade, post-operative pain or side effects. In those patients receiving clonidine, mean arterial pressure decreased significantly (24-28%, respectively) after tourniquet release, while heart rate remained unchanged. Clonidine as an adjunct to prilocaine seems to be of limited benefit during and after intravenous regional anaesthesia.
采用随机双盲研究，对56例健康患者进行了研究，以探讨在手臂静脉区域麻醉（IVRA）中，加入2微克/千克可乐定至0.5%丙胺卡因的效果。在三组中研究了感觉和运动阻滞的特征、镇痛质量、术后疼痛感觉的发展以及血流动力学变量（分别为丙胺卡因IVRA、丙胺卡因和可乐定IVRA、丙胺卡因IVRA且在松开止血带时全身应用可乐定）。在感觉和运动阻滞的起效和恢复特征、术后疼痛或副作用方面，各组之间无显著差异。在接受可乐定的患者中，松开止血带后平均动脉压显著降低（分别降低24% - 28%），而心率保持不变。在静脉区域麻醉期间及之后，可乐定作为丙胺卡因的辅助用药似乎益处有限。
