Schech J M, Alfaro D V, Laughlin R M, Sanford E G, Briggs J, Dalgetty M
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C., USA.
Retina. 1997;17(1):28-32. doi: 10.1097/00006982-199701000-00006.
A swine model of ocular trauma was used to determine the extent of penetration of systematically administered gentamicin and ceftazidime to the vitreous cavity of traumatized and normal eyes.
Forty-six pigs received a scleral laceration to the right eye and then underwent surgical repair. Thirty-six animals received intravenous gentamicin, and 10 pigs were given ceftazidime.
The level of gentamicin in the vitreous of traumatized and nontraumatized eyes did not achieve the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for Pseudomonas and Haemophilus species despite multiple and large intravenous doses. Ceftazidime concentrations in traumatized eyes were above the minimum inhibitory concentration for these organisms.
Ceftazidime achieves an intravitreal concentration 33 times the minimum inhibitory concentration of Haemophilus species and twice that of Pseudomonas species in traumatized eyes after systemic administration, a finding that lends support to its use as a prophylactic agent in the management of penetrating ocular trauma. Gentamicin does not appear to enter the traumatized eye at appreciable levels after systemic administration, and, therefore, it is not recommended for use as a prophylactic agent in the management of penetrating ocular trauma.
使用猪眼外伤模型来确定全身应用庆大霉素和头孢他啶后，其在受伤眼和正常眼玻璃体内的渗透程度。
46只猪右眼接受巩膜裂伤，随后进行手术修复。36只动物静脉注射庆大霉素，10只猪给予头孢他啶。
尽管多次大剂量静脉给药，但受伤眼和未受伤眼玻璃体内的庆大霉素水平均未达到针对铜绿假单胞菌和嗜血杆菌属的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。受伤眼中头孢他啶的浓度高于这些微生物的最低抑菌浓度。
全身给药后，头孢他啶在受伤眼中的玻璃体内浓度达到嗜血杆菌属最低抑菌浓度的33倍，铜绿假单胞菌最低抑菌浓度的两倍，这一发现支持其作为穿透性眼外伤治疗中的预防用药。全身给药后，庆大霉素似乎无法以可观的水平进入受伤眼，因此，不建议将其用作穿透性眼外伤治疗中的预防用药。
