Nelson N A, Kaufman J, Kalat J, Silverstein B
Safety and Health Assessment and Research for Prevention program, Washington State Department of Labor and Industries, Olympia 98504-4330, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 1997 Mar;31(3):296-302. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199703)31:3<296::aid-ajim5>3.0.co;2-w.
This study examined the relationship between Washington's fall protection standard and injuries in construction workers. Workers' compensation claim rates for falls were examined for employers that were cited for violating the standard over the 1991-1992 period. Fall injury rates for the periods before and after inspections were compared. Claims for a control group of employers that had not been cited were also examined. For the 784 cited employers, the claim rate for compensable fall injuries decreased from 1.78 to 1.39 per 200,000 hours worked for the one-year periods before and after inspection. For the control group (n = 8,301), the claim rate decreased from 1.04 to 0.95 per 200,000 hours. Cited employers were 2.3 times as likely as control employers (p < 0.0001) to experience a claim rate reduction, after adjustment for employer size and type of business. Results suggested that industry-wide fall injury rates might be expected to decrease if more employers were inspected.
本研究调查了华盛顿州的坠落防护标准与建筑工人受伤情况之间的关系。对在1991 - 1992年期间因违反该标准而被传唤的雇主，研究其工人因坠落提出的工伤赔偿申请率。比较了检查前后各时期的坠落伤害率。还对未被传唤的雇主对照组的申请情况进行了调查。对于784家被传唤的雇主，每20万工作小时中可补偿的坠落伤害索赔率在检查前的一年期为1.78，在检查后的一年期降至1.39。对于对照组（n = 8301），每20万工作小时的索赔率从1.04降至0.95。在对雇主规模和业务类型进行调整后，被传唤雇主的索赔率下降可能性是对照雇主的2.3倍（p < 0.0001）。结果表明，如果对更多雇主进行检查，全行业的坠落伤害率可能会降低。
