Iqbal I, Pervez S, Baig S
Department of Paediatrics, Nishtar Medical College, Multan.
J Pak Med Assoc. 1997 Jan;47(1):24-8.
A knowledge, attitude and practices (K.A.P.) survey was conducted among doctors working as general practitioners (GP) in Multan, for diagnosis and management of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children under five years of age. GPs in Multan were not familiar with national ARI control programme and rational drug use guidelines. They rarely asked about symptoms describing severity of disease while taking patient histories and did not look for signs of severe pneumonia during physical examinations. Most patients diagnosed as URTI (upper respiratory tract infection) received oral antibiotics and those with pneumonia received injectable antibiotics. Other drugs prescribed included cough syrups, antihistamines and antipyretics. The average number of drugs prescribed per patient was 3.4. The doctors were deficient in providing home care advice for sick children to the caretakers. Average time spent by doctors on each patient was two minutes and twenty-three seconds. A combination of biomedical and social factors help to perpetuate this irrational prescribing behaviour of the GPs. Continuing education programmes for doctors in general practice about ARI management in children and rational use of drugs and health education of the public may improve the current prescribing practices.
在木尔坦担任全科医生的医生中开展了一项关于知识、态度和实践（K.A.P.）的调查，以了解五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染（ARI）的诊断和管理情况。木尔坦的全科医生不熟悉国家ARI控制计划和合理用药指南。他们在问诊时很少询问描述疾病严重程度的症状，体格检查时也不寻找重症肺炎的体征。大多数被诊断为上呼吸道感染（URTI）的患者接受了口服抗生素治疗，肺炎患者则接受了注射用抗生素治疗。所开的其他药物包括止咳糖浆、抗组胺药和解热药。每位患者平均开药数量为3.4种。医生在为患病儿童向看护人提供家庭护理建议方面存在不足。医生平均为每位患者花费的时间为两分钟二十三秒。生物医学和社会因素共同导致了全科医生这种不合理的开药行为持续存在。针对全科医生开展关于儿童ARI管理和合理用药的继续教育项目以及对公众进行健康教育，可能会改善当前的开药做法。
