Taylor S J, Whincup P H, Cook D G, Papacosta O, Walker M
Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London.
BMJ. 1997 Feb 15;314(7079):475-80. doi: 10.1136/bmj.314.7079.475.
To identify which patterns of fetal growth, represented by different measurements of size at birth, are associated with increased blood pressure in children aged 8-11 years.
School based, cross sectional survey conducted in 10 towns in England and Wales in 1994.
3010 singleton children (response rate 75%) with physical measurements and information on birth weight from parental questionnaires. Hospital birth records were examined for 1573.
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure at age 8-11 years.
In the whole group birth weight was inversely related to systolic pressure (regression coefficient -1.48 mm Hg/kg; 95% confidence interval -2.20 to -0.76) after adjustment for current body size. There was no significant association between birth weight and diastolic pressure. The association with systolic pressure was much stronger in girls (-2.54 mm Hg/kg; -3.60 to -1.48) than in boys (-0.64 mm Hg/kg; -1.58 to 0.30), with a significant difference between the sexes (P = 0.006). Among the other neonatal measures, head circumference and placental weight were inversely associated with subsequent blood pressure in girls, and placental ratio (placental weight:birth weight) was positively associated with blood pressure in boys. Neither ponderal index at birth nor length:head circumference ratio was related to blood pressure in either sex.
In these contemporary children the association between birth weight and blood pressure was apparent only in girls. There was no evidence that measures of size at birth, which may be related to nutrition at critical periods of pregnancy (thinness at birth or shortness in relation to head circumference), are related to blood pressure in the offspring.
确定以出生时不同大小测量值所代表的胎儿生长模式，与8至11岁儿童血压升高之间的关联。
1994年在英格兰和威尔士的10个城镇进行的基于学校的横断面调查。
3010名单胎儿童（应答率75%），有体格测量数据及来自家长问卷的出生体重信息。对1573名儿童的医院出生记录进行了检查。
8至11岁时的收缩压和舒张压。
在整个研究组中，调整当前体型后，出生体重与收缩压呈负相关（回归系数为-1.48 mmHg/kg；95%置信区间为-2.20至-0.76）。出生体重与舒张压之间无显著关联。女孩中出生体重与收缩压的关联（-2.54 mmHg/kg；-3.60至-1.48）比男孩（-0.64 mmHg/kg；-1.58至0.30）更强，性别之间存在显著差异（P = 0.006）。在其他新生儿测量指标中，头围和胎盘重量与女孩随后的血压呈负相关，胎盘比率（胎盘重量：出生体重）与男孩血压呈正相关。出生时的体重指数和身长：头围比率与两性的血压均无关联。
在这些当代儿童中，出生体重与血压之间的关联仅在女孩中明显。没有证据表明出生时的大小测量指标（可能与孕期关键时期的营养有关，如出生时消瘦或相对于头围较短）与后代血压有关。
