van Dijck J A, Broeders M J, Verbeek A L
Department of Epidemiology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Drugs Aging. 1997 Feb;10(2):69-79. doi: 10.2165/00002512-199710020-00001.
The optimal upper age limit in mammographic screening for breast cancer is still a matter for debate. The incidence of breast cancer rises gradually with increasing age and, without screening, breast cancer in elderly women is diagnosed at a more advanced stage than in younger women. After menopause, much of the glandular tissue of the breast is replaced by fat, which facilitates the mammographic detection of breast cancer in older women. Furthermore, the tumour growth rate decreases with increasing age. Recently, a reduction in breast cancer mortality due to mammographic screening has been shown for women aged up to 75 years. There is a lack of data for women over the age of 75 years, however, because the number of women screened in the only study that included this age category is too small to give reliable results. We conclude that mammographic screening is beneficial at least up to the age of 75 years, and may also be beneficial up to age 85 years in healthy women with a good life expectancy.
乳腺癌钼靶筛查的最佳年龄上限仍存在争议。乳腺癌的发病率随年龄增长而逐渐上升，并且在没有筛查的情况下，老年女性乳腺癌的诊断阶段比年轻女性更晚。绝经后，乳房的大部分腺体组织被脂肪取代，这有利于在老年女性中通过钼靶检测出乳腺癌。此外，肿瘤生长速度随年龄增长而降低。最近，已表明钼靶筛查可使75岁及以下女性的乳腺癌死亡率降低。然而，75岁以上女性的数据缺乏，因为在唯一一项纳入该年龄组的研究中接受筛查的女性数量太少，无法得出可靠结果。我们得出结论，钼靶筛查至少在75岁之前是有益的，对于预期寿命良好的健康女性，在85岁之前也可能有益。
