Percutaneous coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the success rate and safety of percutaneous patient ductus arteriosus (PDA) coll occlusion.

DESIGN

Thirty consecutive pediatric patients with small to moderate-size PDAs (minimum diameter < or = 4 mm) underwent percutaneous coll occlusion. The results were assessed by angiography and echocardiography. The mean age was 5.1 +/- 4.2 years (range, 0.8 to 18.8 years); mean weight was 19.2 +/- 10.3 kg (range, 8.1 to 40.0 kg). The mean minimum diameter of the PDA was 1.8 +/- 0.8 mm (range, 1.0 to 4.0 mm).

RESULTS

PDA occlusion was achieved with one coil in 24 patients, 2 coils in 3 patients and 3 coils in 3 patients. The mean coil/PDA diameter ratio was 2.5 +/- 0.5. Immediately after coil occlusion, 29 PDAs had no flow by anglography; one had a small residual shunt. There were no significant complications. In the first 24 hours after coil implantation, echocardiography showed complete occlusion in 28 patients, a small left-to-right shunt in the same patient that had a residual shunt by anglography, and a trace shunt in one additional patient. In the two patients with residual flow by echocardiography, follow-up ultrasonography revealed no residual shunt 1 and 3 months later. At a mean follow-up of 11.8 +/- 9.3 months (range, 0 to 36.0 months), there was no PDA flow by color Doppler echocardiography in any of the 30 patients.

CONCLUSION

Coil occlusion is a safe and effective method of percutaneous closure of small to moderate-size PDAs. The largest PDA that can be closed with this technique remains to be determined.