Knisely B L, Kuhlman J E
Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA.
Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 1997;38(1):1-58.
Pleural diseases encompass a variety of complex appearances that are dependent on the underlying histologic features, location, and size. Chest radiography remains the most common imaging modality in the evaluation of suspected pleural disease. Computed tomography (CT) further delineates the cross-sectional anatomy, allowing visualization of the entire pleura, including the posterior recesses, mediastinal, and lateral pleural surfaces, which are frequently obscured on chest radiographs. CT imaging provides useful information to characterize the pleural disease in terms of tissue composition, location, and extent of disease. In this article, we review the use of two noninvasive techniques: chest radiography and computed tomography in the evaluation of complex pleural disease, benign and malignant pleural masses, pleural effusions, and pleural air collections.
胸膜疾病包含多种复杂表现，这些表现取决于潜在的组织学特征、位置和大小。胸部X线摄影仍是评估疑似胸膜疾病时最常用的成像方式。计算机断层扫描（CT）能进一步描绘横断面解剖结构，使整个胸膜得以可视化，包括后隐窝、纵隔和侧胸膜表面，而这些结构在胸部X线片上常被遮挡。CT成像能提供有用信息，以从组织构成、疾病位置和范围方面对胸膜疾病进行特征描述。在本文中，我们回顾两种非侵入性技术的应用：胸部X线摄影和计算机断层扫描在评估复杂胸膜疾病、良性和恶性胸膜肿块、胸腔积液及胸膜积气方面的应用。
