Tatò L, Antoniazzi F, Zamboni G
Cattedra di Pediatria, Policlinico Borgo Roma di Verona.
Pediatr Med Chir. 1996 Jul-Aug;18(4):373-5.
The appearance of postmenopausal osteoporosis is correlated with the peak bone mass achieved during adolescence and the bone loss during adult life. The magnitude of the peak bone mass depends on genetic (race, sex, heredity), nutritional (calcium supplementation, obesity) and environmental factors as well as physical activity. Sex steroids and other hormonal factors involved in puberty, like growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors, are very important in the bone mass increase during this period. This is confirmed by studies in men with histories of constitutional delay of puberty, who have a decreased bone mineral density, and in children with precocious puberty treated with GnRH analogs, where the reduction in bone mineral density previously demonstrated seems at least completely reversible.
绝经后骨质疏松症的出现与青春期达到的峰值骨量以及成年期的骨质流失相关。峰值骨量的大小取决于遗传因素（种族、性别、遗传）、营养因素（钙补充、肥胖）、环境因素以及身体活动。参与青春期的性类固醇和其他激素因素，如生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子，在这一时期的骨量增加中非常重要。这一点在有体质性青春期延迟病史的男性中得到了证实，他们的骨矿物质密度降低；在接受GnRH类似物治疗的性早熟儿童中也得到了证实，先前显示的骨矿物质密度降低似乎至少是完全可逆的。
