Hsiue T R, Lei H Y, Hsieh A L, Wang T Y, Chang H Y, Chen C R
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1997 Mar;112(3):295-302. doi: 10.1159/000237469.
Mites are the most common aeroallergen in human allergic asthma. However, no animal model of mite-induced allergic airway inflammation has been reported before. In this study, an animal model of mite-induced allergic airway inflammation in guinea pigs was developed.
Firstly, we found that two intraperitoneal injections of 100 micrograms crude mite extract (CME), but not multiple aerosol inhalations of 10 mg/ml CME, can cause sensitization in guinea pigs. The sensitization to mites was confirmed by the measurement of serum antimite antibody titer and the detection of anaphylactic bronchoconstriction after intravenous injection of CME solution. Then, single or multiple aerosol challenges with different concentrations (8, 4 or 1 mg/ml) of CME in these sensitized animals were performed. The total white cell and differential counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids were studied at different time intervals after challenge in different animals, and tracheal pathology was performed to detect the allergic airway inflammation. For comparison with the study in animals treated with CME, a BAL study in animals treated with ovalbumin was also performed.
The inhalation challenge of CME aerosol in sensitized animals caused prolonged eosinophilia in BAL fluid which persisted for at least 7 days after single challenge. Neither inhalation challenge at higher concentrations of CME aerosol nor repeated inhalation challenges increased the degree of eosinophilia in BAL fluid compared to a single challenge. Using the same procedures, we also found that the mite model caused more eosinophilia in BAL fluid than did ovalbumin.
This is the first report of an animal model of mite-induced allergic airway inflammation in guinea pigs which can provide us with a useful model to study airway inflammation of mite-induced asthma in humans.
螨是人类过敏性哮喘中最常见的气传变应原。然而，此前尚未有螨诱导的过敏性气道炎症动物模型的报道。在本研究中，建立了豚鼠螨诱导的过敏性气道炎症动物模型。
首先，我们发现腹腔注射两次100微克粗螨提取物（CME）可使豚鼠致敏，而多次雾化吸入10毫克/毫升CME则不能。通过测量血清抗螨抗体滴度以及静脉注射CME溶液后检测过敏性支气管收缩来确认对螨的致敏。然后，对这些致敏动物进行不同浓度（8、4或1毫克/毫升）CME的单次或多次雾化激发。在不同动物激发后的不同时间间隔研究支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）液中的白细胞总数和分类计数，并进行气管病理学检查以检测过敏性气道炎症。为了与用CME处理的动物的研究进行比较，还对用卵清蛋白处理的动物进行了BAL研究。
致敏动物吸入CME气雾剂激发导致BAL液中嗜酸性粒细胞增多持续时间延长，单次激发后至少持续7天。与单次激发相比，较高浓度CME气雾剂的吸入激发或重复吸入激发均未增加BAL液中嗜酸性粒细胞增多的程度。使用相同的程序，我们还发现螨模型导致BAL液中的嗜酸性粒细胞增多比卵清蛋白更多。
这是首次报道豚鼠螨诱导的过敏性气道炎症动物模型，可为我们研究人类螨诱导哮喘的气道炎症提供有用的模型。
