Williams K
Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6084, USA.
Cell Signal. 1997 Jan;9(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/s0898-6568(96)00089-7.
The endogenous polyamines, spermine, spermidine, and putrescine have effects on several types of cation channels. Intracellular polyamines, in particular spermine, contribute to intrinsic gating and rectification of strong inward rectifier K+ channels. Intracellular spermine is also responsible for inward rectification of some types of Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA and kainate receptors. Spermine has a number of effects on the activity of the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor, involving two or more extracellular polyamine binding sites on the NMDA receptor. In K+ channels and glutamate receptors, some of the amino acids in the receptor/channel structure that influence to polyamines have been identified, leading to a partial understanding of the effects of polyamines at a molecular level. Block of K+ channels by intracellular polyamines is likely to be an important receptors by intracellular spermine and modulation by extracellular spermine may affect excitability and the influx of Ca2+ in neurons and glial cells of the nervous system.
内源性多胺，如精胺、亚精胺和腐胺，对多种类型的阳离子通道有影响。细胞内多胺，尤其是精胺，有助于强内向整流钾通道的内在门控和整流。细胞内精胺还负责某些类型的钙通透AMPA和海人藻酸受体的内向整流。精胺对谷氨酸受体NMDA亚型的活性有多种影响，涉及NMDA受体上两个或更多的细胞外多胺结合位点。在钾通道和谷氨酸受体中，已鉴定出受体/通道结构中一些影响多胺的氨基酸，从而在分子水平上对多胺的作用有了部分了解。细胞内多胺对钾通道的阻断可能是一个重要机制，细胞内精胺对受体的作用以及细胞外精胺的调节可能会影响神经系统中神经元和神经胶质细胞的兴奋性以及钙离子内流。
