Fasth S, Hultén L, Lundgren O, Nordgren S
Acta Physiol Scand. 1977 Sep;101(1):98-104. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1977.tb05987.x.
Mechanical stimulation of the mucosa of the proximal colon evoked a hyperemia which also could be elicited when severing the autonomic fibres to the colon. Mechanical stimulation of the distal colon produced a hyperemia which, on the other hand, was abolished by cutting the pelvic nerves. Afferent pelvic nerve stimulation evoked a response similar to that seen when stimulating the distal colon. Adrenergic and cholinergic receptor blockers did not affect the studied colonic vasodilations. Dihydroergotamine, given in doses abolishing the vascular effects of i.a. injected 5-hydroxytrptamine, abolished the hyperemia to mechanical stimulation of the proximal colon but not that of the pelvic stimulation. It is concluded that a local nervous vasodilator reflex exists in the proximal colon similar to that earlier demonstrated in the small bowel (Biber et al. 1971) and that the reflex vasodilatation evoked by mechanical stimulation in the distal colon is mediated via the pelvic nerves. Hence, the vascular control differs in the proximal and in the distal parts of the colon.
对近端结肠黏膜进行机械刺激会引发充血，切断支配结肠的自主神经纤维时也可引发这种充血。另一方面，对远端结肠进行机械刺激会产生充血，但切断盆腔神经后这种充血就会消失。刺激盆腔传入神经所引发的反应与刺激远端结肠时所见的反应相似。肾上腺素能和胆碱能受体阻滞剂并不影响所研究的结肠血管舒张。二氢麦角胺的给药剂量可消除腹腔注射5-羟色胺的血管效应，它消除了对近端结肠进行机械刺激所引起的充血，但并未消除盆腔刺激所引起的充血。由此得出结论，近端结肠存在一种局部神经血管舒张反射，类似于先前在小肠中所证实的反射（比伯等人，1971年），并且远端结肠中机械刺激所引发的反射性血管舒张是通过盆腔神经介导的。因此，结肠近端和远端的血管控制有所不同。
