McCreadie R G, Leese M, Tilak-Singh D, Loftus L, MacEwan T, Thornicroft G
Department of Clinical Research, Crichson Royal Hospital, Dumfries.
Br J Psychiatry. 1997 Jan;170:31-6. doi: 10.1192/bjp.170.1.31.
The prevalence of schizophrenia is known to be greater in urban than in rural areas. Less studied are differences between the patients themselves and, more specifically, their use of psychiatric services.
The prevalence of schizophrenia was determined in rural Nithsdale in Scotland and urban Nunhead and Norwood in South London. Information about patients' psychiatric history, use of services during the study year and global assessment of functioning were obtained from case records and staff.
There were no significant differences in prevalence rates between Nithsdale patients, all White (2.78 per 1000 general population), Nunhead (3.46 per 1000) and Norwood (2.24 per 1000) Whites; rates were significantly higher among the non-Whites in Nunhead (7.36 per 1000) and Norwood (5.53 per 1000), who were mainly Black Caribbeans. Nithsdale patients were at a higher level of functioning and made substantially more use of psychiatric services. During the study year, 42% of Nithsdale patients used more than one of three principal community services, namely day, out-patient and community psychiatric nursing care.
The prevalence of schizophrenia is no different in rural Nithsdale and inner-city Nunhead and Norwood, when only White patients are considered. Nithsdale patients were at a higher level of functioning and made more use of available psychiatric services.
已知精神分裂症在城市地区的患病率高于农村地区。对于患者自身之间的差异，尤其是他们对精神科服务的使用情况，研究较少。
确定了苏格兰尼思代尔农村地区以及伦敦南部城市区纽黑德和诺伍德的精神分裂症患病率。从病例记录和工作人员处获取了有关患者精神病史、研究年度内服务使用情况以及功能总体评估的信息。
尼思代尔的患者（均为白人，每千名普通人群中有2.78例）、纽黑德（每千名中有3.46例）和诺伍德（每千名中有2.24例）的白人之间患病率无显著差异；纽黑德（每千名中有7.36例）和诺伍德（每千名中有5.53例）的非白人患病率显著更高，这些非白人主要是加勒比黑人。尼思代尔的患者功能水平更高，对精神科服务的使用也更多。在研究年度内，42%的尼思代尔患者使用了日间、门诊和社区精神科护理这三种主要社区服务中的不止一种。
仅考虑白人患者时，尼思代尔农村地区与市中心的纽黑德和诺伍德的精神分裂症患病率并无差异。尼思代尔的患者功能水平更高，对现有的精神科服务使用更多。
