Stingl P
National Leprosy Training Centre, Wau, Southern Sudan.
Int J Dermatol. 1997 Jan;36(1):23-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.1997.00007.x.
Onchocerciasis, an infection by the filarial nematode Onchoverca volvulus, is widely distributed in tropical Africa and of great dermatologic interest. This study analyses the dermatologic presentation and tries to determine the correlations between clinical disease and host parasite interactions in onchocerciasis patients of the Southern Sudan.
We performed clinical and histopathologic investigations in patients with onchocerciasis in the Wau District, Bahr el Ghazal Province, Southern Sudan. As well as a detailed clinical skin examination, skin biopsies were taken, processed, and investigated for type and degree of host tissue response. Parasitologic, clinical, and histopathologic findings were evaluated.
Onchocerciasis appears with a variety of severe skin lesions. Central is a pruritic rash. Long-standing cases develop extensive pigmentary changes and impressive signs of skin tissue exhaustion. Cellular host tissue responses to degenerating skin microfilariae seem to play a key role in the development of skin pathology. The degree of host response appears to be inversely proportional to the host's microfilarial load.
Onchocerciasis represents a health problem of great dermatologic importance in Southern Sudan. The study results demonstrate clinical variations in onchocerciasis and provide support for the existence of a disease spectrum.
盘尾丝虫病是由丝虫纲线虫盘尾丝虫感染引起的，广泛分布于热带非洲地区，具有重要的皮肤病学研究价值。本研究分析了盘尾丝虫病患者的皮肤表现，并试图确定苏丹南部盘尾丝虫病患者临床疾病与宿主-寄生虫相互作用之间的相关性。
我们对苏丹南部加扎勒河省瓦乌地区的盘尾丝虫病患者进行了临床和组织病理学调查。除了详细的临床皮肤检查外，还采集了皮肤活检样本，进行处理，并对宿主组织反应的类型和程度进行了研究。对寄生虫学、临床和组织病理学结果进行了评估。
盘尾丝虫病表现为多种严重的皮肤病变。主要症状为瘙痒性皮疹。病程较长的病例会出现广泛的色素沉着变化和明显的皮肤组织耗竭迹象。宿主组织对退化的皮肤微丝蚴的细胞反应似乎在皮肤病理学的发展中起关键作用。宿主反应的程度似乎与宿主的微丝蚴负荷成反比。
盘尾丝虫病在苏丹南部是一个具有重要皮肤病学意义的健康问题。研究结果表明盘尾丝虫病存在临床差异，并为疾病谱的存在提供了支持。
