Hopkins R M, Gracey M S, Hobbs R P, Spargo R M, Yates M, Thompson R C
School of Veterinary Studies, Murdoch University, WA.
Med J Aust. 1997 Mar 3;166(5):241-4.
To determine the prevalence of hookworm infections, iron deficiency and anaemia in an Aboriginal community in the north of Western Australia.
A cross-sectional survey conducted in 1992, examining faecal specimens and blood samples from Aboriginals and non-Aboriginals in a remote coastal community in the north of Western Australia.
All those living in the community at the time of the survey.
Parasite status and haematological values for haemoglobin, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin and mean red cell volume.
Infections with hookworm were present throughout the Aboriginal population (77%; n = 243), with the highest prevalence in children aged 5-14 years (93%; n = 74). Hookworm was not detected in non-Aboriginals (n = 24). Iron deficiency was common throughout the Aboriginal population, especially in children aged 5-14 years (79%; n = 68) and women aged over 14 years (72%; n = 65). Anaemia was highly prevalent among Aboriginal children aged 5-14 years (84% in hookworm-positive children, 75% in hookworm-negative) and women aged over 14 years (63% in hookworm-positive women, 31% in hookworm-negative). Aboriginals over 14 years of age who had hookworm (n = 82) had significantly lower levels of haemoglobin, serum iron and serum ferritin, a lower mean red cell volume and significantly higher transferrin levels than uninfected Aboriginals (n = 38) and non-Aboriginals (n = 19) in the same age group. Hookworm infections were associated with anaemia (P < 0.01) and iron deficiency (P < 0.01) in people over 14 years of age. The species of hookworm, determined after examining 13 larval cultures and two adult worms, was found to be Ancylostoma duodenale.
Infections with A. duodenale are endemic in Aboriginals in this community, and are likely to contribute to the high prevalence of iron deficiency and anaemia observed in the Aboriginal population, particularly in children and women.
确定西澳大利亚州北部一个原住民社区钩虫感染、缺铁和贫血的患病率。
1992年进行的一项横断面调查，对西澳大利亚州北部一个偏远沿海社区的原住民和非原住民的粪便标本及血液样本进行检测。
调查时居住在该社区的所有人。
寄生虫感染状况以及血红蛋白、血清铁、铁蛋白、转铁蛋白和平均红细胞体积的血液学指标。
整个原住民群体中均存在钩虫感染（77%；n = 243），5 - 14岁儿童的感染率最高（93%；n = 74）。非原住民（n = 24）中未检测到钩虫。缺铁在整个原住民群体中普遍存在，尤其是5 - 14岁儿童（79%；n = 68）和14岁以上女性（72%；n = 65）。5 - 14岁原住民儿童中贫血患病率很高（钩虫阳性儿童中为84%，钩虫阴性儿童中为75%），14岁以上女性中也很高（钩虫阳性女性中为63%，钩虫阴性女性中为31%）。14岁以上感染钩虫的原住民（n = 82）与未感染的同年龄组原住民（n = 38）和非原住民（n = 19）相比，血红蛋白、血清铁和血清铁蛋白水平显著降低，平均红细胞体积较低，转铁蛋白水平显著升高。14岁以上人群中，钩虫感染与贫血（P < 0.01）和缺铁（P < 0.01）相关。在检查了13份幼虫培养物和两条成虫后，确定钩虫种类为十二指肠钩口线虫。
该社区原住民中十二指肠钩口线虫感染呈地方性流行，且可能是该原住民群体中观察到的缺铁和贫血高患病率的原因，特别是在儿童和女性中。
