Galati E A, Nunes V L, Dorval M E, Oshiro E T, Cristaldo G, Espíndola M A, da Rocha H C, Garcia W B
Departamento de Epidemiologia da Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 1996 Apr;30(2):115-28. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89101996000200002.
Studies of the phlebotomine sandflies on the Boa Sorte farm, Corguinho country, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Central-West region of Brazil, were carried out, with the object of identifying local fauna and a cutaneous leishmaniasis vector. At the beginning of the studies, several types of primitive vegetation covering: gallery forest, forest slopes and the cerrados: s. str. and tropical xeromorphic semideciduous broadleaf forest, locally denominated "croa", existed. Four months after the beginning of the studies, a fire destroyed a significant part of the cerrados. Captures were made during the interval from July/91 to June/93, with a CDC trap, weekly, at 10 ecotopes: in the soil of forest slopes; in the soil and canopy of cerrado s. str., "croa" and gallery forest; in the peridomicile, in hen house and pigpen and in a storage shed. A Shannon's trap was used, monthly, from 18:00-24:00 hours, in the gallery forest and "croa". Human bait was used, monthly, for 24 hours, from June/91 to September/92. An investigation into natural infection in female phlebotomines was made through the dissection of specimens captured in the Shannon's trap and on human bait. The captures with CDC totalled in 2,281 specimens of 26 species: 2 of Brumptomyia and 24 of Lutzomyia. The "croa" was the environment that contributed with the greatest number of specimens and presented the largest diversity, together with the forest slope. L, withmani was the most abundant species captured with CDC, in all the ecotopes (Standardized abundance index = 0.991). However, in the storage shed its frequency was the lowest. This species presented a prevalence of 96.0% in the Shannon's trap and on human bait (3,265 and 516 specimens, respectively). It was the most frequent in the cold and dry periods. It presented almost exclusively nocturnal activity, with its peak at 18:00-19:00 hours and an infection rate by flagellates of 0.16% (613 females dissected). On the basis of its behavior, this species was incriminated as the probable vector of the cutaneous leishmaniasis in the area, which had extradomicilary transmission. L. lenti, the second most abundant species, is not anthropophilic. The phlebotomine fauna is presented by environment.
在巴西中西部地区南马托格罗索州科尔吉尼奥县的博阿索尔蒂农场开展了对白蛉的研究，目的是识别当地动物群以及皮肤利什曼病的传播媒介。研究开始时，存在几种类型的原始植被，包括：长廊林、林坡以及塞拉多（狭义）和热带旱生半落叶阔叶林，当地称为“克罗阿”。研究开始四个月后，一场火灾烧毁了塞拉多的很大一部分。在1991年7月至1993年6月期间，使用疾控中心诱捕器，每周在10个生态位进行捕获：在林坡的土壤中；在塞拉多（狭义）、“克罗阿”和长廊林的土壤及树冠层中；在住宅周围、鸡舍、猪圈和一个储物棚中。每月18:00 - 24:00在长廊林和“克罗阿”使用香农诱捕器。1991年6月至1992年9月，每月使用人饵24小时。通过解剖在香农诱捕器和人饵上捕获的标本，对白蛉雌性的自然感染情况进行了调查。使用疾控中心诱捕器共捕获了26种2281个标本：布鲁姆普托米亚属2种，卢茨omyia属24种。“克罗阿”是贡献标本数量最多且多样性最大的环境，林坡也是如此。L. withmani是使用疾控中心诱捕器在所有生态位捕获的最丰富的物种（标准化丰富度指数 = 0.991）。然而，在储物棚中其出现频率最低。该物种在香农诱捕器和人饵上的患病率分别为96.0%（分别为3265和516个标本）。它在寒冷干燥时期最为常见。它几乎只在夜间活动，并在18:00 - 19:00达到高峰，鞭毛虫感染率为0.16%（解剖了613只雌性）。基于其行为，该物种被认定为该地区皮肤利什曼病的可能传播媒介，该病存在室外传播。第二丰富的物种L. lenti不嗜人。按环境展示了白蛉动物群。
