Wildeus S
Agricultural Research Station, Virginia State University, Petersburg 23806, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1997 Mar;75(3):630-40. doi: 10.2527/1997.753630x.
Two Caribbean hair sheep breeds, the St. Croix (SC) and Barbados Blackbelly (BB), are found in the United States, and the SC has led to the development of the Katahdin (K), a synthetic breed of hair sheep. These breeds have mature ewe BW ranging from 32 to 54 kg (for BB and SC) and from 55 to 73 kg (K). Hair sheep and hair sheep crosses have lower rectal temperatures and respiration rates than wool breeds and a lower DMI and water intake. There are indications of increased resistance to internal parasites in hair sheep. Although hair sheep are seasonal breeders under U.S. photoperiodic conditions, they tend to perform better under accelerated lambing systems than traditional wool breeds. Fertility, prolificacy, and lamb survival is high in BB and SC, but hair x wool crossbred ewes tend to have a higher level of fertility than hair and wool parent breeds. Ewe productivity is also higher in hair x wool crosses than in wool crosses, particularly when adjusted for ewe BW or under accelerated lambing systems. Hair sheep have a lower ADG and intake of high-energy diets, as well as a lower gain/feed ratio, than wool breeds. Growth rates tend to be higher in SC than in BB. Differences in carcass characteristics are inconsistent between hair and wool breeds. Production characteristics of hair sheep, particularly hair x wool crosses, make them suitable for low-input, sustainable production systems that do not require high growth rates and large carcasses. There is a need to preserve the existing U.S. hair sheep germplasm base in support of such systems.
在美国发现了两种加勒比海毛用绵羊品种，即圣克罗伊羊（SC）和巴巴多斯黑腹羊（BB），并且圣克罗伊羊培育出了一种合成毛用绵羊品种——卡他丁羊（K）。这些品种的成年母羊体重范围为32至54千克（BB和SC）以及55至73千克（K）。与毛用绵羊品种相比，毛用绵羊及其杂交后代的直肠温度和呼吸频率较低，干物质采食量和饮水量也较低。有迹象表明毛用绵羊对体内寄生虫的抵抗力增强。尽管在美国光周期条件下毛用绵羊是季节性繁殖动物，但在加速产羔系统下它们往往比传统毛用绵羊品种表现更好。BB和SC的繁殖力、产仔数和羔羊存活率都很高，但毛用与毛用杂交母羊的繁殖力往往高于毛用和毛用亲本品种。毛用与毛用杂交母羊的生产力也高于毛用与毛用杂交母羊，特别是在根据母羊体重进行调整或在加速产羔系统下。与毛用绵羊品种相比，毛用绵羊的平均日增重和高能日粮摄入量较低，且增重/饲料比也较低。SC的生长速度往往高于BB。毛用和毛用绵羊品种在胴体特征方面的差异并不一致。毛用绵羊，特别是毛用与毛用杂交后代的生产特性，使其适合于不需要高生长速度和大胴体的低投入、可持续生产系统。有必要保护美国现有的毛用绵羊种质资源库以支持此类系统。
