Milligan S D, Miller M F, Oats C N, Ramsey C B
Department of Animal Science and Food Technology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1997 Mar;75(3):668-72. doi: 10.2527/1997.753668x.
Twenty USDA Standard beef inside rounds were purchased from the Excel Corp. in Plainview, TX to determine the effects of CaCl2 injection and degree of doneness on inside round roasts. Inside rounds were halved and each half served either as a control or was injected with CaCl2. Each half was cut into four sections with one used for retail case display and the other three subjected to cooking at 60, 70, or 80 degrees C doneness. Roasts injected with CaCl2 were more tender as evidenced by higher initial and sustained tenderness scores and lower Warner-Bratzler shear force values (P < .004). Overall beef mouthfeel also was improved over the control by CaCl2 addition (P < .004). Thaw and purge losses were higher (P < .001) for CaCl2-injected roasts and cooking losses were lower (P < .01) than for controls. Injection with CaCl2 did not affect color, color uniformity, discoloration, or surface browning through 1 d of retail case display (P < .05). However, after 2 d of display, control roasts were superior in these traits (P < .05). Roasts cooked to 60 degrees C of doneness were found to be more palatable than those cooked to higher degrees of doneness (P < .05). The improvement in tenderness through CaCl2 injection for tougher cuts from the round is an important finding for the beef industry. The results from this research support the need to use CaCl2 to improve beef tenderness and consistency.
从德克萨斯州普莱恩维尤的Excel公司购买了20块美国农业部标准的牛内里脊,以确定注射氯化钙和熟度对牛内里脊烤肉的影响。将内里脊切成两半,每半要么作为对照,要么注射氯化钙。每半再切成四段,一段用于零售展示,另外三段分别在60、70或80摄氏度的熟度下烹饪。注射氯化钙的烤肉更嫩,这表现为初始和持续嫩度评分更高,以及Warner-Bratzler剪切力值更低(P < 0.004)。添加氯化钙也使牛肉的总体口感比对照有所改善(P < 0.004)。注射氯化钙的烤肉解冻和渗出损失更高(P < 0.001),烹饪损失比对照更低(P < 0.01)。在零售展示1天内,注射氯化钙并未影响颜色、颜色均匀度、变色或表面褐变(P < 0.05)。然而,展示2天后,对照烤肉在这些特性方面更优(P < 0.05)。发现烹饪至60摄氏度熟度的烤肉比烹饪至更高熟度的烤肉更可口(P < 0.05)。对于较硬的牛里脊切块,通过注射氯化钙来改善嫩度是牛肉行业的一项重要发现。本研究结果支持使用氯化钙来提高牛肉嫩度和一致性的必要性。