Collins M H
Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis 46202-5200, USA.
Equine Vet J Suppl. 1993 Apr(14):8-11. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1993.tb04801.x.
The placenta provides many critical services to the developing foetus. Proper placental implantation, growth and function are necessary for normal foetal growth and development. Placental structure varies widely among species but all mammalian placentas have a convoluted materno-foetal interface that may be quite simple or highly complex; the more complicated interdigitations tend to characterise smaller placentas that have limited areas of contact between the placenta and the endometrium. The intimacy of the contact between maternal and foetal tissue varies from apposition only, as in the equine placenta, to invasion of maternal vessels by foetal cells, as in man. Abnormalities identified in the human placenta provide insight into maternal and foetal diseases that affect pregnancy outcome.
胎盘为发育中的胎儿提供许多关键功能。正常的胎盘着床、生长和功能对于胎儿的正常生长发育至关重要。胎盘结构在不同物种间差异很大，但所有哺乳动物的胎盘都有一个盘绕的母胎界面，该界面可能非常简单，也可能高度复杂；越复杂的交错结构往往是胎盘与子宫内膜接触面积有限的较小胎盘的特征。母胎组织之间接触的紧密程度各不相同，从仅相邻接触，如马胎盘，到胎儿细胞侵入母体血管，如人类胎盘。在人类胎盘中发现的异常情况有助于深入了解影响妊娠结局的母胎疾病。
