Sala R, Miró J M, Feliu E, Bianchi J L, Gatell J M, Reverter J C, Soriano E, García San Miguel J
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Universidad de Barcelona.
Med Clin (Barc). 1996 Nov 30;107(19):726-9.
Infections are the most common medical complications in drug addicts. Some studies suggest that heroin itself could facilitate them by altering the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) function of these patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the heroin effect on the chemotaxis, the phagocytosis and the bactericidal oxidative metabolic activity on PMNL from 10 healthy adults.
Three samples of 20 ml of blood were obtained from each donor, separating the leukocytes later. The first sample was used as control (A group); heroin was added to the blood of the second sample before PMNL separation (1 mg of heroin into 20 ml of blood)(B group) and to the third sample after PMNL separation (0.05 mg of heroin in 1 ml of PMNL suspension)(C group). The concentration of heroin used was 50 microliters/ml of blood (this concentration was higher than the lethal concentration found in the blood of drug addicts who die from heroin overdose). The PMNL functions studied in vitro were the chemotaxis of PMNL applying the under agarosa gel method, and for the phagocytosis and the intracellular oxidative metabolic activity the following two tests were used: the ingestion of bacto-latex particles combined with nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test and the chemoluminiscence method. The statistical analysis was done using parametric and non-parametric tests.
There were no differences between the three groups studied (A, B or C) regarding chemotaxis, the ingestion of bacto-latex particles and the NBT reduction test. Concerning chemoluminiscence, it was inferior in the C group (with PMNL directly incubated with heroin) compared with A group (control) and B group (with PMNL from blood with heroin)(p < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences between A and B groups.
In this study, heroin did not have any in vitro significative effect of chemotaxis, phagocytosis and oxidative metabolic activity on the human PMNL.
感染是吸毒者最常见的医学并发症。一些研究表明，海洛因本身可能通过改变这些患者的多形核白细胞（PMNL）功能来促使感染发生。本研究的目的是分析海洛因对10名健康成年人的PMNL趋化性、吞噬作用和杀菌氧化代谢活性的影响。
从每位献血者采集三份20毫升血液样本，随后分离白细胞。第一个样本用作对照（A组）；在分离PMNL之前，将海洛因添加到第二个样本的血液中（20毫升血液中加入1毫克海洛因）（B组），并在分离PMNL之后添加到第三个样本中（1毫升PMNL悬液中加入0.05毫克海洛因）（C组）。所用海洛因浓度为50微升/毫升血液（该浓度高于死于海洛因过量的吸毒者血液中发现的致死浓度）。体外研究的PMNL功能包括采用琼脂糖凝胶法的PMNL趋化性，以及针对吞噬作用和细胞内氧化代谢活性使用的以下两项试验：结合硝基蓝四唑（NBT）还原试验的细菌乳胶颗粒摄取试验和化学发光法。使用参数检验和非参数检验进行统计分析。
在趋化性、细菌乳胶颗粒摄取和NBT还原试验方面，所研究的三组（A、B或C）之间没有差异。关于化学发光，与A组（对照）和B组（来自含海洛因血液的PMNL）相比，C组（PMNL直接与海洛因孵育）的化学发光较低（p < 0.05）。然而，A组和B组之间没有统计学上的显著差异。
在本研究中，海洛因对人PMNL的趋化性、吞噬作用和氧化代谢活性没有任何体外显著影响。
