Siegelman E S, Banner M P, Ramchandani P, Schnall M D
Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104, USA.
Radiographics. 1997 Mar-Apr;17(2):349-65. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.17.2.9084077.
High-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with phased-array pelvic and endorectal coils has dramatically enhanced the ability to visualize abnormalities of the female urethra and periurethral tissues. These include developmental abnormalities (eg, urethral duplication, ectopic ureterocele), benign processes (eg, urethral diverticulum, caruncle, leiomyoma, trauma, and fistula; stress incontinence; paravaginal cyst), and malignant processes (eg, primary urethral carcinoma, secondary urethral malignancies). High-resolution MR imaging can be used to assess complications such as fistula formation and periurethral abscess, localize various entities, exclude pathologic processes whose presence could lead to an incorrect diagnosis, differentiate processes that might be confused at physical examination, and contribute to surgical planning and facilitate surgical correction.
使用相控阵盆腔线圈和直肠内线圈的高分辨率磁共振（MR）成像极大地提高了可视化女性尿道和尿道周围组织异常的能力。这些异常包括发育异常（如尿道重复、异位输尿管囊肿）、良性病变（如尿道憩室、肉阜、平滑肌瘤、创伤和瘘管；压力性尿失禁；阴道旁囊肿）以及恶性病变（如原发性尿道癌、继发性尿道恶性肿瘤）。高分辨率MR成像可用于评估诸如瘘管形成和尿道周围脓肿等并发症，定位各种病变，排除可能导致错误诊断的病理过程，区分体格检查中可能混淆的病变，并有助于手术规划和促进手术矫正。
