Quanbeck C, Sherwood N M, Millar R P, Terasawa E
Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53715, USA.
J Comp Neurol. 1997 Apr 14;380(3):293-309.
To investigate the possibility that a second luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) population appears during development in primates, embryos and fetal brains of rhesus monkeys were immunostained with antisera specific to different LHRH forms. Two LHRH cell populations were discernible by immunoreactivity to antisera LR-1 and GF-6. Because one LHRH cell type migrated out from the olfactory placode several days earlier than the other, they were referred to as "early" and "late" LHRH cells, respectively. Although late LHRH neurons were immunoreactive to all anti-mammalian LHRH antisera tested, early LHRH neurons were only detected by antiserum GF-6. Early LHRH neurons (approximately 10 x 7 microm) were smaller than late LHRH neurons (approximately 18 x 7 microm). Early LHRH neurons were first found around the olfactory placode, in the nasal mesenchyme, and in the rostroventral forebrain on embryonic day 30 (E30), whereas late LHRH neurons were first seen in the olfactory pit on E32. Early LHRH cells were located throughout the basal forebrain on E32-E42, whereas late LHRH cells were found in the olfactory pit and along the terminal nerve on E34-E36 and were not seen in the forebrain until E38. By E51-E62, late LHRH neurons reached into the basal hypothalamus in a distribution resembling that in the older brain, while early LHRH neurons were found in the septum, preoptic region, stria terminalis, medial amygdala, claustrum, internal capsule, and globus pallidus. Based on the distribution pattern of immunopositive cells with antiserum LR-1, late LHRH cells are bona fide LHRH neurons that regulate the pituitary-gonadal axis. In contrast, the molecular form of early LHRH cells is unclear, although it is plausible that early LHRH cells may contain the molecule in which the C-terminal epitope of LHRH is modified or absent. It is concluded that in primates there is a second population of LHRH neurons that originates from the embryonic olfactory placode before the origin of mammalian LHRH-like neurons, and that these two populations of LHRH-immunopositive neurons have different morphologic features and different final distributions in the brain.
为了研究灵长类动物发育过程中是否会出现第二种促黄体生成激素释放激素（LHRH）群体，用针对不同LHRH形式的抗血清对恒河猴的胚胎和胎儿大脑进行免疫染色。通过对抗血清LR-1和GF-6的免疫反应性可辨别出两种LHRH细胞群体。由于一种LHRH细胞类型比另一种早几天从嗅基板迁移出来，它们分别被称为“早期”和“晚期”LHRH细胞。尽管晚期LHRH神经元对所有测试的抗哺乳动物LHRH抗血清都有免疫反应，但早期LHRH神经元仅能被抗血清GF-6检测到。早期LHRH神经元（约10×7微米）比晚期LHRH神经元（约18×7微米）小。早期LHRH神经元最早在胚胎第30天（E30）时在嗅基板周围、鼻间充质和前脑腹侧前部被发现，而晚期LHRH神经元最早在E32时出现在嗅凹中。在E32 - E42期间，早期LHRH细胞分布于整个基底前脑，而晚期LHRH细胞在E34 - E36时出现在嗅凹和终神经沿线，直到E38才在前脑中被发现。到E51 - E62时，晚期LHRH神经元进入基底下丘脑，其分布类似于成年大脑中的分布，而早期LHRH神经元则出现在隔区、视前区、终纹、杏仁核内侧、屏状核、内囊和苍白球。根据抗血清LR-1免疫阳性细胞的分布模式，晚期LHRH细胞是调节垂体 - 性腺轴的真正LHRH神经元。相比之下，早期LHRH细胞的分子形式尚不清楚，尽管早期LHRH细胞可能含有LHRH C末端表位被修饰或缺失的分子这一推测是合理的。结论是，在灵长类动物中存在第二种LHRH神经元群体，其起源于胚胎嗅基板，早于哺乳动物LHRH样神经元的起源，并且这两种LHRH免疫阳性神经元群体在大脑中具有不同的形态特征和最终分布。
