Mnyika K S, Klepp K I, Kvåle G, Ole-Kingóri N
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Int J STD AIDS. 1997 Mar;8(3):176-83. doi: 10.1258/0956462971919840.
Determinants of multiple sexual partners and condom use among adults were assessed through a population-based survey in one urban, one semi-urban and one rural community in the Arusha region, northern Tanzania. The study samples were obtained by randomly selecting clusters of 10 households from the 3 communities. Informed verbal consent was sought from each respondent for participation in the study. High-risk sexual behaviours and condom use were assessed using a structured questionnaire. It was observed that significantly more men than women reported having multiple sexual partners (49% vs 25.2%; OR = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.51-1.90) and urban men were significantly more likely to report having multiple sexual partners than men in rural areas. In both men and women, early sexual debut was associated with having multiple sexual partners while travel, alcohol use, and sex under the influence of alcohol were significantly associated with multiple sexual partners in men only. AIDS-related discussion was significantly associated with having fewer sexual partners in both men and women. Of the 1551 respondents, 320 (20.6%) reported having ever used a condom and of the 320 respondents who had ever used a condom, 34 (10.6%) reported having used it at the last sexual intercourse. Significantly more men than women reported having ever used a condom (34.1% vs 14.1%; OR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.56-2.01). In both men and women, early sexual debut and being young, unmarried, travelling out of the Arusha region and having multiple sexual partners were associated with increased condom use. For both men and women, frequent discussion of AIDS with family members or friends was associated with increased condom use. These data suggest that interventions targeting adolescents and young adults may be effective for control of HIV transmission in Tanzania. In particular, creation of opportunities for people to come together and discuss AIDS might be an important strategy.
通过在坦桑尼亚北部阿鲁沙地区的一个城市社区、一个半城市社区和一个农村社区开展的一项基于人群的调查，评估了成年人拥有多个性伴侣及使用避孕套的决定因素。研究样本通过从这3个社区中随机选取10户家庭的群组获得。向每位受访者寻求参与研究的知情口头同意。使用结构化问卷评估高危性行为和避孕套使用情况。据观察，报告拥有多个性伴侣的男性显著多于女性（49%对25.2%；比值比=1.69；95%置信区间=1.51-1.90），且城市男性报告拥有多个性伴侣的可能性显著高于农村男性。在男性和女性中，初次性行为较早都与拥有多个性伴侣相关，而旅行、饮酒以及在酒精影响下发生性行为仅在男性中与拥有多个性伴侣显著相关。与艾滋病相关的讨论在男性和女性中都与拥有较少性伴侣显著相关。在1551名受访者中，320人（20.6%）报告曾使用过避孕套，在这320名曾使用过避孕套的受访者中，34人（10.6%）报告在最近一次性交时使用过避孕套。报告曾使用过避孕套的男性显著多于女性（34.1%对14.1%；比值比=1.77；95%置信区间=1.56-2.01）。在男性和女性中，初次性行为较早、年轻、未婚、离开阿鲁沙地区旅行以及拥有多个性伴侣都与避孕套使用增加相关。对于男性和女性而言，与家庭成员或朋友频繁讨论艾滋病都与避孕套使用增加相关。这些数据表明，针对青少年和年轻人的干预措施可能对控制坦桑尼亚的艾滋病毒传播有效。特别是，为人们创造相聚并讨论艾滋病的机会可能是一项重要策略。
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