Baldwin D R, Wilcox Z C, Zheng G
Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA.
Physiol Behav. 1997 Mar;61(3):447-53. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9384(96)00459-3.
This research examined the effect of type of stressor (physical vs. psychological) on humoral immunity and neuroendocrine responses in male and female rats. Eighty adult Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of the four stress conditions (n = 20 animals/group): 1. Voluntary running (high physical/low psychological stress); 2. immobilization (low physical/high psychological stress); 3. mixed stress (running and immobilization); and 4. cage control group. The experimental manipulations were conducted over a 6-week period for 4 h/day. Five weeks after the start of the study, all animals were immunized with 1 ml of a 10% suspension of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in saline and sacrificed 1 week later. Data analyses revealed no main effect of stress on any of the immune or endocrine parameters. However, strong gender differences emerged within the stress conditions on these physiological parameters. The stressed female rats displayed an enhanced antibody response to SRBC and a higher percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes than their male counterparts. However, there were no significant differences between the male and female control animals with respect to these variables. Female rats consistently displayed elevated levels of plasma corticosterone and adrenal norepinephrine across all conditions. In addition, female rats displayed heavier relative organ weights (adrenal and spleen). Taken together, the notion of differential immunity with respect to physical or psychological stress is not supported by the present study.
本研究考察了应激源类型（身体应激与心理应激）对雄性和雌性大鼠体液免疫及神经内分泌反应的影响。80只成年Sprague-Dawley大鼠被分配到四种应激条件之一（每组n = 20只动物）：1. 自愿跑步（高身体应激/低心理应激）；2. 固定（低身体应激/高心理应激）；3. 混合应激（跑步和固定）；4. 笼养对照组。实验操作在6周内每天进行4小时。在研究开始5周后，所有动物均用1毫升10%绵羊红细胞（SRBC）生理盐水悬液进行免疫，并在1周后处死。数据分析显示，应激对任何免疫或内分泌参数均无主要影响。然而，在这些生理参数的应激条件下出现了强烈的性别差异。应激雌性大鼠对SRBC的抗体反应增强，外周血淋巴细胞百分比高于雄性大鼠。然而，在这些变量方面，雄性和雌性对照动物之间没有显著差异。在所有条件下，雌性大鼠的血浆皮质酮和肾上腺去甲肾上腺素水平持续升高。此外，雌性大鼠的相对器官重量（肾上腺和脾脏）较重。综上所述，本研究不支持身体或心理应激存在差异免疫的观点。
