Goenjian A K, Karayan I, Pynoos R S, Minassian D, Najarian L M, Steinberg A M, Fairbanks L A
Armenian Relief Society Clinics of Gumri and Spitak, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1997 Apr;154(4):536-42. doi: 10.1176/ajp.154.4.536.
The authors evaluated the effectiveness of brief trauma/grief-focused psychotherapy among early adolescents exposed to the 1988 earthquake in Armenia.
Posttraumatic stress and depressive reactions among treated and not treated subjects were evaluated pre- and postintervention, at 1 1/2 and 3 years after the earthquake, respectively.
Severity of posttraumatic stress symptoms significantly decreased among the subjects given psychotherapy, while severity of these symptoms increased significantly among the subjects not treated with psychotherapy. The improvement in posttraumatic stress symptoms was attributable to improvement in all three symptom categories (intrusion, avoidance, and arousal) of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There was no change in severity of depressive symptoms among subjects given psychotherapy. However, depressive symptoms among subjects not treated with psychotherapy significantly worsened over time. The changes in severity of posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms were positively correlated within both groups.
The findings demonstrate the efficacy of trauma/grief-focused brief psychotherapy in alleviating PTSD symptoms and preventing the worsening of comorbid depression among early adolescents after a catastrophic disaster. The results support the broad use of such school-based interventions after major disasters and demonstrate the cross-cultural applicability of Western psychotherapeutic approaches.
作者评估了针对亚美尼亚1988年地震中受灾的青少年开展的短期创伤/哀伤聚焦心理治疗的有效性。
分别在干预前、干预后、地震发生1.5年和3年后，对接受治疗和未接受治疗的受试者的创伤后应激反应和抑郁反应进行评估。
接受心理治疗的受试者创伤后应激症状的严重程度显著降低，而未接受心理治疗的受试者这些症状的严重程度显著增加。创伤后应激症状的改善归因于创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）所有三个症状类别（侵入、回避和觉醒）的改善。接受心理治疗的受试者抑郁症状的严重程度没有变化。然而，未接受心理治疗的受试者的抑郁症状随时间显著恶化。两组中创伤后应激和抑郁症状严重程度的变化呈正相关。
研究结果表明，创伤/哀伤聚焦的短期心理治疗在减轻灾难性灾难后青少年的PTSD症状和预防共病性抑郁恶化方面具有疗效。结果支持在重大灾难后广泛采用此类基于学校的干预措施，并证明了西方心理治疗方法的跨文化适用性。
