埃普利诺菌素浇泼剂（MK-397）对牛线虫寄生虫的疗效，重点针对奥斯特线虫属早期第四期抑制性幼虫

Efficacy of a pour-on formulation of eprinomectin (MK-397) against nematode parasites of cattle, with emphasis on inhibited early fourth-stage larvae of Ostertagia spp.

作者信息

Williams J C, Stuedemann J A, Bairden K, Kerboeuf D, Ciordia H, Hubert J, Broussard S D, Plue R E, Alva-Valdes R, Baggott D G, Pinkall N, Eagleson J S

机构信息

Department of Veterinary Science, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge 70803-6002, USA.

出版信息

Am J Vet Res. 1997 Apr;58(4):379-83.

PMID:9099383

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate efficacy of topically applied eprinomectin against inhibited early fourth-stage larvae (IL4) of Ostertagia spp in calves.

ANIMALS

4 groups (n = 6 [replicates]) for dose titration; 2 groups (n = 8 calves [replicates]) for dose confirmation.

PROCEDURE

2 dose titration studies-0, 125, 250, and 500 micrograms of eprinomectin/kg of body weight-Louisiana and Georgia- and 2 dose confirmation studies of selected therapeutic dosage (500 micrograms/kg) in Scotland and France. Monitor calves were used to determine inhibition percentage of Ostertagia IL4. Test calves were ranked by weight in replicates of 4 (titration trials) or 2 (confirmation trials) animals each, and within replicates, were randomly allocated to treatment groups. Drug treatments were done on day 0, and animals were euthanatized by replicate, with holding time between treatment and euthanasia varying among trials from 14 to 27 days.

RESULTS

Observations indicated high efficacy (> 99%) of 500 micrograms of eprinomectin/kg in removal of Ostertagia IL4. Ostertagia and Cooperia were only genera common across sites, with efficacy of aforementioned dosage against adult and larval stages of both genera consistently high (> 99%). Results of 1 or both titration studies (500 micrograms/kg) indicated > 99 to 100% efficacy against adult Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, T colubriformis, Bunostomum phlebotomum, Dictyocaulus viviparus, and Oesophagostomum radiatum. Lower efficacy values were observed at minimal (125 micrograms/kg) dosage. In France, 500 micrograms/kg was 85% effective against Trichostrongylus spp adults; however, numbers of control calves infected with Trichostrongylus spp and degree of infection were low. Adverse reactions were not evident.

CONCLUSION

Eprinomectin given topically (500 micrograms) was highly effective against Ostertagia IL4 and other common nematodes of cattle.

摘要

目的

评估局部应用依普菌素对犊牛体内奥斯特他线虫属抑制性早期第四阶段幼虫（IL4）的疗效。

动物

4组（每组n = 6只[重复样本]）用于剂量滴定；2组（每组n = 8头犊牛[重复样本]）用于剂量确认。

步骤

进行2项剂量滴定研究（在路易斯安那州和佐治亚州，剂量分别为0、125、250和500微克依普菌素/千克体重）以及2项在苏格兰和法国针对选定治疗剂量（500微克/千克）的剂量确认研究。使用对照犊牛来确定奥斯特他线虫IL4的抑制率。在滴定试验中，将试验犊牛按体重每4只（滴定试验）或2只（确认试验）分为一组，并在每组内随机分配至治疗组。于第0天进行药物治疗，然后按重复样本对动物实施安乐死，治疗与安乐死之间的间隔时间在不同试验中为14至27天。

结果

观察表明，500微克依普菌素/千克体重对清除奥斯特他线虫IL4具有高效（> 99%）。奥斯特他线虫属和库柏线虫属是各试验点均出现的仅有的两个属，上述剂量对这两个属的成虫和幼虫阶段的疗效始终很高（> 99%）。一项或两项滴定研究（500微克/千克）的结果表明，对成年的牛血矛线虫、斧形毛圆线虫、蛇形毛圆线虫、牛钩口线虫、胎生网尾线虫和辐射食道口线虫的疗效> 99%至100%。在最低剂量（125微克/千克）时观察到较低的疗效值。在法国，500微克/千克对毛圆线虫属成虫的有效率为85%；然而，感染毛圆线虫属的对照犊牛数量及感染程度较低。未发现明显的不良反应。