Falck R S, Wang J, Carlson R G, Siegal H A
Substance Abuse Intervention Program, School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435, USA.
Sex Transm Dis. 1997 Apr;24(4):204-10. doi: 10.1097/00007435-199704000-00004.
To study factors that influence the self-reported use of condoms among injection drug users and crack smokers.
A cross-sectional design was used to collect data from drug-using heterosexual men (n = 247) and women (n = 107).
Participants were largely African American (79.4%), male (69.8%), and unmarried (90.1%). The mean age for men was 39.9 years, 35.5 years for women. Drug user groups consisted of individuals who used both crack cocaine and injection drugs (40.1%), noninjecting crack smokers (33.1%), and non-crack-smoking injection drug users (26.8%). Daily injection drug or crack use was reported by 62.9% of the sample. One third of the sample reported recent vaginal sex with more than one partner. More than 70% of the participants frequently used drugs when having sex. Logistic regression showed that individuals who were high when having vaginal sex were less likely to use condoms than people who were not high (odds ratio [OR] 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68-0.99); individuals whose partners got high when having sex were more likely to report condom use (OR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01-1.42); individuals were less likely to use condoms when having sex with a main partner (OR 0.40; 95% CI, 0.20-0.80); individuals who believed it was important to use condoms were more likely to use condoms (beta = 0.57, P < 0.00); and people who believed condoms reduced sexual pleasure were less likely to use condoms (beta = -0.53, P < 0.00).
In addition to being sensitive to partner characteristics, sex risk-reduction interventions targeting users of injection drugs or crack must address the widespread use of psychoactive drugs that occurs immediately before and during sex because such use presents a significant impediment to the employment of safer-sex techniques that rely on condoms. Until such interventions are in place, access to drug abuse treatment is a critical dimension of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted disease prevention.
研究影响注射吸毒者和快克可卡因吸食者自我报告的避孕套使用情况的因素。
采用横断面设计，从使用毒品的异性恋男性（n = 247）和女性（n = 107）中收集数据。
参与者大多为非裔美国人（79.4%）、男性（69.8%）且未婚（90.1%）。男性的平均年龄为39.9岁，女性为35.5岁。吸毒人群包括同时使用快克可卡因和注射毒品的个体（40.1%）、不注射的快克可卡因吸食者（33.1%）以及不吸食快克可卡因的注射吸毒者（26.8%）。62.9%的样本报告每天注射毒品或吸食快克可卡因。三分之一的样本报告近期与不止一个性伴侣发生过阴道性行为。超过70%的参与者在性行为时经常使用毒品。逻辑回归显示，阴道性行为时处于兴奋状态的个体比未处于兴奋状态的个体使用避孕套的可能性更小（比值比[OR] 0.82；95%置信区间[CI]，0.68 - 0.99）；性伴侣在性行为时处于兴奋状态的个体更有可能报告使用避孕套（OR 1.20；95% CI，1.01 - 1.42）；与主要性伴侣发生性行为时个体使用避孕套的可能性更小（OR 0.40；95% CI，0.20 - 0.80）；认为使用避孕套很重要的个体更有可能使用避孕套（β = 0.57，P < 0.00）；而认为避孕套会降低性快感的个体使用避孕套的可能性更小（β = -0.53，P < 0.00）。
除了要对性伴侣特征敏感外，针对注射吸毒者或快克可卡因吸食者的降低性风险干预措施必须解决在性行为前及性行为期间普遍使用精神活性药物的问题，因为这种使用对依赖避孕套的安全性行为技术的应用构成了重大障碍。在实施此类干预措施之前，获得药物滥用治疗是预防人类免疫缺陷病毒和其他性传播疾病的关键方面。
