Omoto M, Imai T, Otahara Y, Tsukamoto S, Kanegae T, Nomoto K
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi. 1997 Feb;32(1):46-58.
Histological effects of ethanol on the kidney were published in our previous report. In the present paper, results of the following measurement will be reported: contents of ethanol and related substances in the urine, both free and bound types, collected during the periods from 30 minutes to 11 hours after ethanol administration to rats, and ACE, alpha-GST, LPO, 25(OH)-D3, 1 alpha-25(OH)2-D3, 24, 25(OH)2-D3 in the serum of rats which had ethanol every day for a month. These will be reported together with histological observation of the kidney excised immediately after the blood sample was collected. The measurement of free and bound types ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetone and methanol in the urine was made up to 11 hours after administration of 4 g/kg b.w./day, p.o. and its results showed the highest contents at 9 hours after the administration. Bound type acetic acid showed the high contents at both 90 minutes and 9 hours after the administration. In 11 hours free type ethanol and acetaldehyde recovered their pre-administration value but as to the bound type only acetic acid recovered it. In the serum of the rats which were ethanol 4 g/kg b.w./day, oral administrated for a mouth, ACE showed significantly high value and 1 alpha, 25(OH)2-D3 and 24, 25(OH)2-D3 showed significantly low value relative to the control. Also alpha-GST showed a low value. In the kidney of the same rats the following changes were observed: swelling of glomerulus, thickening of basement membrane of glomerulus, PAS positive deposits in glomerulus, proliferation of mesangial cell, proliferation of juxtaglomenular cell, dilation of tubular lumen, swelling of tubular epithelial cell, its falling, hyaline droplet in tubular epithelial cell, cell infiltration to interstitial tissue, and basophilic tubule. There was not only difference between findings in the control and those in the liver and the brain of the rats which showed changes above-mentioned. As described above, changes were seen in the renal tissue caused by ethanol administration and in this connection changes in indices related to renal function were observed, too. Furthermore, urinary ethanol and related substances, not only free type but also bound type, that went through the kidney were observed for a long period time. The bound type, in particular, was observed for longer duration and hence effects of ethanol on the kidney were surely assumed. Presently longer term experiments are proceeding and other indices connected with renal functions are being studied.
乙醇对肾脏的组织学影响已在我们之前的报告中发表。在本论文中，将报告以下测量结果：给大鼠腹腔注射乙醇后30分钟至11小时期间收集的尿液中游离型和结合型乙醇及相关物质的含量，以及连续一个月每天摄入乙醇的大鼠血清中的血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）、α - 谷胱甘肽S - 转移酶（α - GST）、脂质过氧化产物（LPO）、25 - 羟维生素D3 [25(OH)-D3]、1,25 - 二羟维生素D3 [1α,25(OH)2-D3]、24,25 - 二羟维生素D3 [24,25(OH)2-D3]。这些结果将与采血后立即切除的肾脏的组织学观察结果一同报告。对尿液中游离型和结合型乙醇、乙醛、丙酮和甲醇的测量持续至腹腔注射4 g/kg体重/天，口服给药后11小时，结果显示给药后9小时含量最高。结合型乙酸在给药后90分钟和9小时含量均较高。11小时时，游离型乙醇和乙醛恢复到给药前水平，但结合型中只有乙酸恢复到给药前水平。在每天口服给予4 g/kg体重乙醇一个月的大鼠血清中，ACE显示出显著升高的值，而1α,25(OH)2-D3和24,25(OH)2-D3相对于对照组显示出显著降低的值。此外，α - GST显示出较低的值。在同一只大鼠的肾脏中观察到以下变化：肾小球肿胀、肾小球基底膜增厚、肾小球中过碘酸雪夫（PAS）阳性沉积物、系膜细胞增殖、球旁细胞增殖、肾小管管腔扩张、肾小管上皮细胞肿胀、脱落、肾小管上皮细胞内出现透明滴、细胞浸润到间质组织以及嗜碱性小管。对照组与出现上述变化的大鼠肝脏和大脑的观察结果之间不仅存在差异。如上所述，乙醇给药导致肾组织出现变化，并且在这方面还观察到了与肾功能相关指标的变化。此外，观察到尿液中乙醇及相关物质，不仅有游离型，还有结合型，在较长时间内都经过肾脏。特别是结合型，观察到的持续时间更长，因此可以肯定乙醇对肾脏有影响。目前正在进行更长期的实验，并正在研究与肾功能相关的其他指标。
