Ferkin M H, Sorokin E S, Johnston R E
Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Horm Behav. 1997 Feb;31(1):55-63. doi: 10.1006/hbeh.1997.1362.
This study investigated the roles of testosterone and prolactin in seasonal changes in the attractiveness of odors of male meadow voles to long-photoperiod females. Prolactin was reduced in long-photoperiod males by treatment with bromocryptine (Experiment 1) and increased in short-photoperiod males by replacement with ovine prolactin (Experiment 2). Testosterone was manipulated by castration and testosterone replacement. During long photoperiods, the attractiveness of the odor produced by male meadow voles depends on the circulating titers of both prolactin and testosterone. Males with high titers of both hormones produced scents that were highly attractive to females; those with low titers of both hormones produced unattractive scents. When the concentration of one hormone was high and the other low, long-photoperiod males produced scents of intermediate attractiveness. During short photoperiods, the attractiveness of the male's scents depended strictly on his prolactin titers. Males with high prolactin titers produced attractive scents, and males with low prolactin titers produced unattractive scents, regardless of their prolactin concentrations. Thus, high titers of both testosterone and prolactin are needed to produce attractive scents in males exposed to long photoperiods, whereas high prolactin titers are sufficient in short-photoperiod males.
本研究调查了睾酮和催乳素在雄性草甸田鼠气味对长光照周期雌性田鼠吸引力的季节性变化中的作用。通过用溴隐亭处理，长光照周期雄性田鼠体内的催乳素水平降低（实验1）；通过注射羊催乳素，短光照周期雄性田鼠体内的催乳素水平升高（实验2）。通过阉割和睾酮替代来控制睾酮水平。在长光照周期期间，雄性草甸田鼠产生的气味的吸引力取决于催乳素和睾酮的循环水平。两种激素水平都高的雄性产生的气味对雌性极具吸引力；两种激素水平都低的雄性产生的气味没有吸引力。当一种激素水平高而另一种激素水平低时，长光照周期雄性田鼠产生的气味具有中等吸引力。在短光照周期期间，雄性田鼠气味的吸引力严格取决于其催乳素水平。催乳素水平高的雄性产生有吸引力的气味，催乳素水平低的雄性产生没有吸引力的气味，而与其睾酮浓度无关。因此，在长光照周期的雄性田鼠中，需要高浓度的睾酮和催乳素才能产生有吸引力的气味，而在短光照周期的雄性田鼠中，高催乳素水平就足够了。
