Campos F G, Waitzberg D L, Logulo A F, Mucerino D R, Habr-Gama A
Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo.
Arq Gastroenterol. 1996 Apr-Jun;33(2):86-92.
Nutritional therapy using nutrients with pharmacological properties has been intensively discussed in the recent literature. Among these nutrients, glutamine has gained special attention. Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the blood stream of the mammals and, besides it has been considered a non-essential amino acid, glutamine is a non-dispensable nutrient in catabolic states. In this situation, there are alterations in its inter-organic flux, leading to lower plasmatic concentrations. Glutamine is the main fuel to enterocytes and it has an important role in the maintenance of intestinal structure and functions. Moreover, supplementation with glutamine has proved to be beneficial to the immunological system functions, improves nitrogen balance and nutritional parameters in the post-operative period and lessens protein loss in severe catabolic states. For these reasons, glutamine enriched-diets must be considered in the nutritional support of many diseases; new controlled, prospective and randomized studies will help to define what group of patients can really benefit from glutamine supplementation.
近年来，文献中对使用具有药理特性的营养素进行营养治疗展开了深入讨论。在这些营养素中，谷氨酰胺受到了特别关注。谷氨酰胺是哺乳动物血流中最丰富的氨基酸，并且，尽管它一直被认为是非必需氨基酸，但在分解代谢状态下，谷氨酰胺却是不可或缺的营养素。在这种情况下，其体内各器官间的通量会发生改变，导致血浆浓度降低。谷氨酰胺是肠细胞的主要燃料，对维持肠道结构和功能具有重要作用。此外，补充谷氨酰胺已被证明对免疫系统功能有益，可改善术后氮平衡和营养参数，并减少严重分解代谢状态下的蛋白质损失。基于这些原因，在许多疾病的营养支持中必须考虑使用富含谷氨酰胺的饮食；新的对照、前瞻性和随机研究将有助于确定哪些患者群体真的能从补充谷氨酰胺中获益。
