Klein D, Zahnd E
Public Health Institute, Berkeley, California 94704, USA.
J Psychoactive Drugs. 1997 Jan-Mar;29(1):55-66. doi: 10.1080/02791072.1997.10400170.
This article reports on selected major findings of a study on alcohol and drug use patterns and problems and unmet service needs, drawing on interview data from a sample of substance-involved pregnant women who were clients at public health, social service, and criminal justice agencies in two California counties. Based on screening rates, a sizable group of pregnant agency clients regularly used alcohol and other drugs, particularly marijuana and cocaine, and most of these users had not been in substance abuse treatment. Reported use of alcohol and other drugs diminished considerably during pregnancy. Negative consequences of alcohol and drug use, problems with family and friends' substance use, neighborhood alcohol and drug problems, and substance-related violence were widely experienced. The greatest service needs include job placement, educational programs and housing. Prenatal health care was widely received, although often inconsistently or late in the pregnancy. Despite high treatment satisfaction among those in recovery programs, relatively few women desired formal treatment. These findings, which are consistent with those of other recent studies, suggest the complexity of problems and needs among substance-involved, low-income pregnant and parenting women.
本文报告了一项关于酒精和药物使用模式、问题及未满足的服务需求研究的部分主要发现，这些发现基于对加利福尼亚州两个县的公共卫生、社会服务和刑事司法机构中涉及药物使用的孕妇样本的访谈数据。基于筛查率，相当一部分孕妇机构客户经常使用酒精和其他药物，尤其是大麻和可卡因，并且这些使用者中的大多数未曾接受过药物滥用治疗。报告显示，孕期酒精和其他药物的使用大幅减少。酒精和药物使用的负面后果、与家人及朋友药物使用相关的问题、社区酒精和药物问题以及与药物相关的暴力行为普遍存在。最大的服务需求包括就业安置、教育项目和住房。尽管产前保健普遍得到了接受，但往往不连贯或在孕期较晚时才获得。尽管康复项目中的女性对治疗满意度较高，但希望接受正规治疗的女性相对较少。这些与近期其他研究结果一致的发现表明，涉及药物使用的低收入孕妇及育有子女的女性所面临问题和需求具有复杂性。
