Pruett R C
Arch Ophthalmol. 1977 Oct;95(10):1777-81. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1977.04450100079006.
A typical fishmouth retinal break is a large horseshoe-shaped tear, located near the equator, with an associated bullous retinal detachment. During scleral buckling and drainage of subretinal fluid, the break tends to open more widely, making its closure difficult. Clinical characteristics that permit preoperative anticipation of the fishmouth phenomenon and several surgical methods that were previously suggested for its management are reviewed. The surgical methods include: an equatorial implant with a meridional addition, a two-band procedure, broad scleral buckling, and episcleral silicone sponge. A radial, intrascleral, solid-silicone implant (wedge) with an encircling element is recommended, as are other technical maneuvers that may be helpful in troublesome cases.
典型的鱼口状视网膜裂孔是一个大的马蹄形裂孔，位于赤道附近，伴有大泡性视网膜脱离。在巩膜扣带术和视网膜下液引流过程中，裂孔往往会张得更开，使其闭合变得困难。本文回顾了有助于术前预测鱼口现象的临床特征以及此前提出的几种针对该现象的手术治疗方法。手术方法包括：带子午线附加物的赤道部植入物、双环扎手术、宽巩膜扣带术和巩膜外硅胶海绵。推荐使用带有环绕元件的放射状、巩膜内实心硅胶植入物（楔状物），以及在棘手病例中可能有用的其他技术操作。
