Lansdown R
Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1979 Jul 18;205(1158):145-61. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1979.0055.
There is no doubt that high blood lead levels are associated with mental subnormality and hyperactivity. Several recent studies in Britain and America have investigated the relation between moderate levels, i.e. between 20 and 40 microgram/100 ml and behavioural and cognitive phenomena. Epidemiological studies have generally failed to point to a clearcut relation between such levels and overactivity or decrements in performance on standard intelligence and educational tests. Published studies with the use of chelation techniques have suffered from methodological weaknesses. It is known that socio-economic factors are powerfully related to measured intelligence and behaviour and, on the evidence available, it is to them that attention should primarily be given if preventative measures are being considered. There remains the possibility that more refined test measures would detect impaired functioning in children with moderately raised lead levels, and that there is an interaction effect between lead and host resistance.
毫无疑问，高血铅水平与智力发育迟缓及多动有关。英国和美国最近的几项研究调查了中等血铅水平，即20至40微克/100毫升之间的血铅水平与行为和认知现象之间的关系。流行病学研究总体上未能指出这些血铅水平与多动或标准智力及教育测试成绩下降之间存在明确的关系。已发表的使用螯合技术的研究存在方法学上的缺陷。众所周知，社会经济因素与所测智力和行为密切相关，根据现有证据，如果考虑采取预防措施，应主要关注这些因素。仍有可能更精细的测试措施会检测出血铅水平适度升高的儿童存在功能受损的情况，并且铅与宿主抵抗力之间存在相互作用效应。
