Barber D
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. 77030, USA.
J Perianesth Nurs. 1997 Apr;12(2):95-9. doi: 10.1016/s1089-9472(97)80022-6.
Patients in the postoperative period are often inadequately medicated for pain. Appropriate nursing assessment and intervention is critical for controlling a patient's pain and preventing associated complications. Nurses must understand the physiology of pain and the pharmacology of the drugs used. This article reviews the physiology of pain and the pharmacology of opioids. The three classes of opioids-opioid agonists, opioid agonist-antagonists, and opioid antagonists-are examined in detail. Included in the discussion are opioid receptor interaction with the various agents, dosages administration, and side effects.
术后患者的疼痛常常未能得到充分的药物治疗。恰当的护理评估和干预对于控制患者疼痛及预防相关并发症至关重要。护士必须了解疼痛的生理学以及所用药物的药理学。本文回顾了疼痛的生理学和阿片类药物的药理学。详细探讨了三类阿片类药物——阿片类激动剂、阿片类激动-拮抗剂和阿片类拮抗剂。讨论内容包括阿片受体与各种药物的相互作用、给药剂量及副作用。
