Irons R D, Stillman W S
School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Dec;104 Suppl 6(Suppl 6):1239-46. doi: 10.1289/ehp.961041239.
Leukemias are monoclonal diseases that arise from cells in the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell compartment. Consistent with emerging models of carcinogenesis, leukemogenesis is an evolutionary process that involves multiple independent genetic and epigenetic events. Over the last half-century a predominant paradigm has emerged to describe leukemia developing secondary to alkylating drug therapy or exposure to benzene in which progressive dysplastic changes, accompanied by a distinct pattern of clonal cytogenetic abnormalities, give rise to acute myelogenous leukemia. Characterization of these clonal chromosomal aberrations, together with observed alterations in other growth-promoting genes, provides a useful framework for studying chemical leukemogenesis and for use in understanding the origins and development of leukemia in general.
白血病是起源于造血干细胞和祖细胞区室细胞的单克隆性疾病。与新出现的致癌模型一致，白血病发生是一个涉及多个独立遗传和表观遗传事件的进化过程。在过去的半个世纪里，出现了一种主要的范例来描述继发于烷化剂药物治疗或接触苯后的白血病，其中渐进性发育异常变化，伴随着独特的克隆性细胞遗传学异常模式，导致急性髓系白血病。这些克隆性染色体畸变的特征，连同在其他促生长基因中观察到的改变，为研究化学性白血病发生以及总体上理解白血病的起源和发展提供了一个有用的框架。
