Zhang L, Rothman N, Wang Y, Hayes R B, Bechtold W, Venkatesh P, Yin S, Wang Y, Dosemeci M, Li G, Lu W, Smith M T
School of Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Dec;104 Suppl 6(Suppl 6):1325-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.961041325.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful new technique that allows numerical chromosome aberrations (aneuploidy) to be detected in interphase cells. In previous studies, FISH has been used to demonstrate that the benzene metabolites hydroquinone and 1,2,4-benzenetriol induce aneuploidy of chromosomes 7 and 9 in cultures of human cells. In the present study, we used an interphase FISH procedure to perform cytogenetic analyses on the blood cells of 43 workers exposed to benzene (median = 31 ppm, 8-hr time-weighted average) and 44 matched controls from Shanghai, China. High benzene exposure (> 31 ppm, n = 22) increased the hyperdiploid frequency of chromosome 9 (p < 0.01), but lower exposure (< or = 31 ppm, n = 21) did not. Trisomy 9 was the major form of benzene-induced hyperdiploidy. The level of hyperploidy in exposed workers correlated with their urinary phenol level (r = 0.58, p < 0.0001), a measure of internal benzene dose. A significant correlation was also found between hyperdiploidy and decreased absolute lymphocyte count, an indicator of benzene hematotoxicity, in the exposed group (r = -0.44, p = 0.003) but not in controls (r = -0.09, p = 0.58). These results show that high benzene exposure induces aneuploidy of chromosome 9 in nondiseased individuals, with trisomy being the most prevalent form. They further highlight the usefulness of interphase cytogenetics and FISH for the rapid and sensitive detection of aneuploidy in exposed human populations.
荧光原位杂交（FISH）是一项强大的新技术，可用于检测间期细胞中的染色体数目畸变（非整倍体）。在以往的研究中，FISH已被用于证明苯代谢物对苯二酚和1,2,4 - 苯三酚可在人类细胞培养物中诱导7号和9号染色体的非整倍体。在本研究中，我们采用间期FISH程序对来自中国上海的43名接触苯（中位数 = 31 ppm，8小时时间加权平均值）的工人及44名匹配对照的血细胞进行了细胞遗传学分析。高苯暴露（> 31 ppm，n = 22）会增加9号染色体超二倍体频率（p < 0.01），但低暴露（≤ 31 ppm，n = 21）则不会。9号染色体三体是苯诱导超二倍体的主要形式。暴露工人的超倍体水平与其尿酚水平相关（r = 0.58，p < 0.0001），尿酚水平是体内苯剂量的一项指标。在暴露组中还发现超二倍体与绝对淋巴细胞计数降低之间存在显著相关性，绝对淋巴细胞计数是苯血液毒性的一个指标（r = -0.44，p = 0.003），而在对照组中未发现这种相关性（r = -0.09，p = 0.58）。这些结果表明，高苯暴露会在未患病个体中诱导9号染色体的非整倍体，其中三体是最普遍的形式。它们进一步突出了间期细胞遗传学和FISH在快速、灵敏检测暴露人群非整倍体方面的实用性。
