Myung R, Smith J L
Department of Industrial Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
Ergonomics. 1997 Feb;40(2):235-46. doi: 10.1080/001401397188323.
A study was conducted to provide set-up values of an important biomechanical parameter, heel velocity, for slip resistance testers. Four different floor surfaces (with or without oil contaminant) were prepared for ten subjects with each walking at a fixed velocity while carrying five different loads. Stride lengths were also measured to find whether a significant difference existed between a carrying method typically used in industry (two-handed carrying of a load in a tote box held directly in front of the body) and previously used load carrying techniques (backpack and front-back pack systems). A programmable slip resistance tester was used to measure dynamic coefficient of friction with conventional set-up values for heel velocity. The results showed that the conventional set-up value for heel velocity is valid for dry floors but is too low on oily floors because faster transfer of body weight was seen owing to decreased stride length. On oily floors, heel velocities of 60 to 140 cm/s would be recommended. An abnormal gait pattern, short stride length, was seen on oily floors or with heavy load carriage because subjects adjusted their stride length for a better stance.
开展了一项研究，旨在为防滑测试仪提供一个重要生物力学参数——足跟速度的设置值。为十名受试者准备了四种不同的地面（有或没有油污），每位受试者在携带五种不同负荷时以固定速度行走。还测量了步幅，以确定工业中通常使用的搬运方式（双手在身体正前方直接拿着的手提箱中搬运负荷）与先前使用的负荷搬运技术（背包和前后背包系统）之间是否存在显著差异。使用可编程防滑测试仪，按照足跟速度的传统设置值测量动摩擦系数。结果表明，足跟速度的传统设置值在干燥地面上是有效的，但在油污地面上则太低，因为步幅减小导致体重转移更快。在油污地面上，建议足跟速度为60至140厘米/秒。在油污地面上或携带重物时，会出现异常步态模式，即步幅短，因为受试者会调整步幅以获得更好的站姿。
