Hellendall R P, Ting J P
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7295, USA.
J Neuroimmunol. 1997 Apr;74(1-2):19-29. doi: 10.1016/s0165-5728(96)00202-0.
Two glial cell populations of the CNS, astrocytes and microglia, were examined for expression of two immunologically important molecules, MHC class II and nitric oxide (NO), following treatment with cytokines. IFN-gamma induced both molecules in microglia at substantially higher levels than astrocytes. The addition of TNF-alpha to IFN-gamma elevated class II expression and NO in both cells. Genistein, an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases, and calphostin, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, diminished cytokine induction of class II MHC and NO in both glial populations. Forskolin was most effective in inhibiting class II MHC expression, but had little inhibitory effect on NO production. These results indicate microglia are more effective than astrocytes in producing cell-associated and secreted immune mediators in response to IFN-gamma and or TNF-alpha and multiple parallel, but distinct, signaling events are required for cytokine induced class II MHC or NO production.
在使用细胞因子处理后，对中枢神经系统（CNS）的两种神经胶质细胞群，即星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞，进行了两种免疫重要分子，即主要组织相容性复合体II类（MHC class II）和一氧化氮（NO）表达的检测。γ干扰素（IFN-γ）诱导小胶质细胞中这两种分子的水平显著高于星形胶质细胞。向IFN-γ中添加肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）可提高两种细胞中II类分子的表达和NO水平。酪氨酸激酶抑制剂染料木黄酮和蛋白激酶C抑制剂钙泊三醇可减少两种神经胶质细胞群中细胞因子对II类MHC和NO的诱导。福斯高林在抑制II类MHC表达方面最有效，但对NO产生的抑制作用很小。这些结果表明，在响应IFN-γ和/或TNF-α时，小胶质细胞在产生细胞相关和分泌的免疫介质方面比星形胶质细胞更有效，并且细胞因子诱导II类MHC或NO产生需要多个平行但不同的信号事件。
