Oh Y
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 1997 Jan;13(1):1-9.
With the advent of the patch clamp technique, many different types of ion channels have been found in neuroglial cells, including voltage-sensitive ion channels (Na+, Ca2+, K+, and CI- channels), ligand-gated ion channels (glutamate receptor and GABAA receptor), and mechanosensitive ion channels. Most of these ion channels have also been found in excitable cells, and thus excitable and non-excitable cells in the nervous system share a similar repertoire of ion channel gene expression. Various factors, such as different developmental stage or different regions in the brain, are known to influence glial ion channel expression. In addition, glial ion channel expression is influenced by the presence of neurons, suggesting the existence of dynamic mechanism(s) for regulating ion channel expression via cell-to-cell signaling between neurons and glia. In this review, the current understanding of various types of ion channels found in neuroglial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells) is summarized.
随着膜片钳技术的出现，人们在神经胶质细胞中发现了许多不同类型的离子通道，包括电压敏感性离子通道（钠、钙、钾和氯通道）、配体门控离子通道（谷氨酸受体和GABAA受体）以及机械敏感性离子通道。这些离子通道中的大多数也在可兴奋细胞中被发现，因此神经系统中的可兴奋细胞和不可兴奋细胞具有相似的离子通道基因表达谱。已知各种因素，如不同的发育阶段或大脑中的不同区域，会影响胶质细胞离子通道的表达。此外，胶质细胞离子通道的表达受神经元存在的影响，这表明存在通过神经元与胶质细胞之间的细胞间信号传导来调节离子通道表达的动态机制。在这篇综述中，总结了目前对神经胶质细胞（即星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和雪旺细胞）中发现的各种类型离子通道的认识。
