Horta B L, Victora C G, Menezes A M, Halpern R, Barros F C
Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Brazil.
Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1997 Apr;11(2):140-51. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3016.1997.d01-17.x.
The association between the intensity and duration of cigarette smoking during pregnancy and the frequency of low birthweight, preterm births and intrauterine growth retardation was investigated in a historical cohort. All 5166 livebirths occurring in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, during 1993 were identified and mothers interviewed soon after delivery. Children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy had a birthweight 142 g lower than those of non-smoking mothers. The odds ratio for low birthweight among children of smokers was 1.59 [95% CI 1.30-1.95]. There was no association between smoking and preterm delivery assessed by the Dubowitz score. In relation to intrauterine growth retardation, smoking was associated with an odds ratio of 2.07 [95% CI 1.69-2.53]. There was a direct dose-response association between the number of cigarettes smoked and the risk of growth retardation. Women whose partner smoked were also at higher risk of having a child with growth retardation. All the above results were adjusted for confounding factors. The effect of maternal smoking on low birthweight seems to be attributable to intrauterine growth retardation rather than preterm delivery.
在一项历史性队列研究中，调查了孕期吸烟的强度和持续时间与低出生体重、早产及宫内生长迟缓发生率之间的关联。确定了1993年在巴西佩洛塔斯市出生的所有5166例活产儿，并在产后不久对母亲进行了访谈。母亲在孕期吸烟的儿童出生体重比不吸烟母亲的儿童低142克。吸烟者子女低出生体重的比值比为1.59[95%可信区间1.30 - 1.95]。根据杜波维茨评分评估，吸烟与早产之间无关联。关于宫内生长迟缓，吸烟的比值比为2.07[95%可信区间1.69 - 2.53]。吸烟数量与生长迟缓风险之间存在直接的剂量反应关联。伴侣吸烟的女性生育生长迟缓儿童的风险也更高。上述所有结果均针对混杂因素进行了调整。母亲吸烟对低出生体重的影响似乎归因于宫内生长迟缓而非早产。
