Abbruzzese J L, Evans D B, Raijman I, Larry L, King T, Leach S D, Frazier M L
Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology and Digestive Diseases, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer, Houston 77030, USA.
Anticancer Res. 1997 Mar-Apr;17(2A):795-801.
Because treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer is often unsuccessful, early detection is important. Codon 12 c-Ki-ras mutations have been found in 80-90% of pancreatic cancer cases and are a potential early marker for pancreatic cancer, but obtaining tissue or fluid for analysis can be difficult. We therefore evaluated whether mutant c-Ki-ras could be detected in bile samples obtained from pancreatic cancer patients.
DNA was isolated from bile specimens obtained from 20 patients with pancreatic cancer. The mutant-enriched PCR technique (ME-PCR) was used to amplify and detect point mutations at codon 12 of the c-Ki-ras oncogene.
In 17 cases sufficient DNA for amplification was obtained; 14 had mutant c-Ki-ras alleles. Cytological evaluation of the bile was performed in 11 of these cases, but was positive in only two cases; both were positive for codon 12 c-Ki-ras mutations. Of the 9 cytologically negative biliary specimens, ME-PCR was positive in six.
Codon 12 c-Ki-ras mutations can be successfully identified in PCR-amplified DNA from bile samples obtained from patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. This technique may supplement cytologic techniques for diagnosing pancreatic cancer and may be capable of identifying individuals at risk for this disease.
由于晚期胰腺癌的治疗往往不成功，早期检测很重要。在80% - 90%的胰腺癌病例中发现了密码子12的c-Ki-ras突变，它是胰腺癌潜在的早期标志物，但获取用于分析的组织或液体可能很困难。因此，我们评估了能否在从胰腺癌患者获取的胆汁样本中检测到突变的c-Ki-ras。
从20例胰腺癌患者获取的胆汁标本中分离DNA。采用富集突变的PCR技术（ME-PCR）扩增并检测c-Ki-ras癌基因密码子12处的点突变。
17例获得了足够用于扩增的DNA；14例有突变的c-Ki-ras等位基因。其中11例对胆汁进行了细胞学评估，但仅2例呈阳性；这2例密码子12的c-Ki-ras突变均为阳性。在9例细胞学阴性的胆汁标本中，ME-PCR有6例呈阳性。
在从晚期胰腺癌患者获取的胆汁样本经PCR扩增的DNA中可成功鉴定出密码子12的c-Ki-ras突变。该技术可能补充用于诊断胰腺癌的细胞学技术，并可能能够识别有患该病风险的个体。
