Go M F
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam. 1996;26(1):45-9.
H. pylori infection is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Although the infection may be detected in over half the world's population, only a proportion will develop either ulcer disease or gastric cancer. The prevalence of the infection is very high in both diseases, but other factors combined with chronic infection must lead to specific clinical manifestations of the disease. Long-standing infection results in chronic active gastritis. In a certain subset of the H. pylori-infected population, factors such as dietary, environmental, and/or genetic factors, or specific strains of the bacterium, may result in the expression of one disease or another. There are now many investigations into these various aspects of association of the infection and disease outcome which may lead to elucidation of the actual processes in the development of specific disease in the H. pylori-infected patient. Many different tests are now available for accurate diagnosis of the infection. The non-invasive tests include the serologic tests, which include both the ELISA and the rapid-immunoassay, and the urea breath test. Invasive tests can be performed on the patient at the time of endoscopy when tissue specimens can be taken for the rapid urease test, histology, or culture.
幽门螺杆菌感染与消化性溃疡病和胃癌的发病机制密切相关。尽管全球超过一半的人口可能检测出感染该菌，但只有一部分人会患上溃疡病或胃癌。这两种疾病中该感染的患病率都很高，但其他因素与慢性感染相结合必定会导致疾病的特定临床表现。长期感染会导致慢性活动性胃炎。在幽门螺杆菌感染人群的特定亚组中，饮食、环境和/或遗传因素，或该细菌的特定菌株等因素，可能会导致一种或另一种疾病的表现。目前有许多关于感染与疾病结局关联的这些不同方面的研究，这可能会阐明幽门螺杆菌感染患者特定疾病发展的实际过程。现在有许多不同的检测方法可用于准确诊断该感染。非侵入性检测包括血清学检测，其中包括酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和快速免疫测定，以及尿素呼气试验。侵入性检测可在患者进行内窥镜检查时进行，此时可采集组织标本进行快速尿素酶试验、组织学检查或培养。
