Once-daily fixed dose combinations of verapamil and trandolapril in black patients with mild to moderate hypertension: a new choice for first line treatment.

Using ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, a potent ACE-inhibitor/calcium channel blocker combination was tested in 21 Black patients (age 52 +/- 10 years; 10 males, 11 females) with mild to moderate hypertension (mean 12-hour daytime diastolic BP > or = 90 mmHg and < or = 114 mmHg). After a 14-day wash-out and a 14-day placebo run-in period, therapy was initiated with verapamil 180 mg plus trandolapril 2 mg. At monthly visits, if mean daytime diastolic BP remained > or = 90 mmHg, the dose combination was uptitrated stepwise to verapamil 240 mg plus trandolapril 4 mg, verapamil 360 mg plus trandolapril 4 mg, and finally hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg were added. Mean 24-hour BP dropped from 150 +/- 14/96 +/- 7 mmHg at baseline to 131 +/- 13/82 +/- 8 mmHg after 4 months treatment (p < 0.001). In 16 (76%) patients mean 24-hour diastolic BP was < 90 mmHg at the end of the trial and 15 (71%) patients achieved a reduction of > 10 mmHg. Five out of 5 patients finishing on dose I were controlled, 5/6 patients on dose II, 5/8 patients on dose III, and 1/2 patients who received additional hydrochlorothiazide. The 24-hour BP load fell from 72 +/- 8% at baseline to 35 +/- 25% in 4 months (p < 0.001). Mean diastolic BP drop for the 2 peak hours during daytime was 20 mmHg and for the last 2 hours of monitoring was 13 mmHg, resulting in a trough to peak ratio of 65%. There were no significant adverse events or biochemical abnormalities. It is concluded that the combination doses tested showed a sustained and marked antihypertensive effect throughout the 24-hour dosing interval, and the starting dose (verapamil 180 mg plus trandolapril 2 mg) seems appropriate in this group of patients.