Bertrand E, Lechowicz W, Szpak G M, Dymecki J
Zakładu Neuropatologii Instytutu Psychiatrii i Neurologii w Warszawie.
Neurol Neurochir Pol. 1996 Sep-Oct;30(5):751-62.
The qualitative changes in substantia nigra were analysed in the material of 25 cases of Parkinson's disease. A morphometric quantitative study of depletion of pigmented dopaminergic cells of substantia nigra was performed in six long-term cases of the disease. In addition, the number of melanin nodules was assessed as a marker of cell disintegration. The results obtained were compared with the morphometric evaluation of neuronal depletion in the mesocorticolimbic system (ventral tegmental area-VTA). The qualitative study indicated that melanin depletion in dopaminergic cells of substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease is diffuse and it is located mainly in the lateral alfa layer. Neuronal depletion with concomitant numerous extracellular neuromelanin nodules and granules was observed. A slight astrocytic gliosis free of macrophages accompanied cellular changes. The qualitative changes in substantia nigra are similar to those observed in VTA. The morphometric evaluation revealed that depletion of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease is 73%, on average, while in VTA it remains under 5%. Hence, depletion in substantia nigra is much more intense. The analysis of the relationship between the number of neurons in substantia nigra and the age of subjects in the control group indicated that the number of neurons decreased proportionally to the age. In the group under study no significant relationship between neurons depletion and duration of disease or patients age was found. In the studied group of patients with Parkinson's disease, the number of melanin nodules in substantia nigra was significantly higher than in controls.
对25例帕金森病患者的材料进行了黑质定性变化分析。对6例病程较长的帕金森病患者进行了黑质色素性多巴胺能细胞耗竭的形态计量学定量研究。此外，评估了黑色素结节的数量作为细胞解体的标志物。将所得结果与中脑皮质边缘系统（腹侧被盖区-VTA）神经元耗竭的形态计量学评估结果进行比较。定性研究表明，帕金森病患者黑质多巴胺能细胞中的黑色素耗竭是弥漫性的，主要位于外侧α层。观察到神经元耗竭伴有大量细胞外神经黑色素结节和颗粒。伴随细胞变化出现轻微的无巨噬细胞星形细胞胶质增生。黑质的定性变化与在VTA中观察到的变化相似。形态计量学评估显示，帕金森病患者黑质中多巴胺能神经元的平均耗竭率为73%，而在VTA中则低于5%。因此，黑质中的耗竭更为严重。对对照组中黑质神经元数量与受试者年龄之间关系的分析表明，神经元数量随年龄成比例减少。在研究组中，未发现神经元耗竭与疾病持续时间或患者年龄之间存在显著关系。在研究的帕金森病患者组中，黑质中黑色素结节的数量明显高于对照组。
