Holm J E, Lamberty K, McSherry W C, Davis P A
Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks 58202, USA.
Headache. 1997 Apr;37(4):221-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1526-4610.1997.3704221.x.
When examining headache sufferers' reactivity to stress, few studies attend to differing characteristics of the environment. In this study, we evaluated the influence of the clarity/ambiguity and positive/negative valence of an event on subjects' physiological and psychological reactivity. Migraine (n = 30), tension (n = 39), and control (n = 35) subjects participated in a laboratory experience in which they had to practice and then deliver a news story to a videocamera (similar to a newscaster on television). During this experience, they received performance feedback and were instructed to try to use the information to improve their performance. In reality, this feedback was noncontingent, with subjects semirandomly assigned to either a positive, negative, or ambiguous feedback condition. Physiological and psychological measures were collected prior to this experience, during an anticipation or practice period prior to the newscast, and during a recovery period following the delivery of the news story. Results suggested that tension subjects might not attend to information from their environment when assessing, responding, or reevaluating potentially stressful events: relying instead on more global beliefs or attributions. Results also indicated that migraine might be associated with a prolonged cardiovascular response (i.e., delayed recovery) following a stressful experience.
在研究头痛患者对压力的反应性时，很少有研究关注环境的不同特征。在本研究中，我们评估了事件的清晰/模糊性以及积极/消极效价对受试者生理和心理反应性的影响。偏头痛患者（n = 30）、紧张性头痛患者（n = 39）和对照组（n = 35）参与了一项实验室实验，他们必须先练习然后对着摄像机播报一则新闻报道（类似于电视新闻播音员）。在此过程中，他们会收到表现反馈，并被要求尝试利用这些信息来提高自己的表现。实际上，这种反馈是无关联的，受试者被半随机分配到积极、消极或模糊反馈条件下。在实验前、新闻播报前的预期或练习阶段以及新闻报道播出后的恢复期收集生理和心理指标。结果表明，紧张性头痛患者在评估、应对或重新评估潜在压力事件时可能不会关注来自环境的信息：而是依赖更全面的信念或归因。结果还表明，偏头痛可能与压力经历后的心血管反应延长（即恢复延迟）有关。
