Brunner G A, Semlitsch B, Siebenhofer A, Pieber T R
Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Graz.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1996 Nov 29;108(22):731-6.
Motoring practices of diabetic drivers are similar to those of the average driving population. Due to the sudden onset of disabling hypoglycemia and the long-term complications of the disease, particularly retinopathy, one might assume that diabetic drivers are more prone to road traffic accidents than the average driver; however, the risk is not increased. The Council of the European Union recently laid down guidelines for dealing with this problem, which will lead to the introduction of a new law in Austria governing driving licensing. This legislation is currently under consideration. We recommend that discrimination between patients requiring therapeutic regimens with potential hypoglycemic side effects (insulin and/or sulphonylureas) and those who are not at risk of hypoglycemia (controlled by diet only or oral antidiabetic drugs other than sulphonylureas) should be legally defined by the licensing authorities. Furthermore, the legal enforcement of participation by diabetic drivers in a structured teaching programme, with the special aim of informing on traffic attitudes and avoidance of hypoglycemia while driving, might be of great importance for safety on the road.
糖尿病司机的驾车习惯与普通驾车人群相似。由于低血糖致残的突然发作以及该疾病的长期并发症,尤其是视网膜病变,人们可能会认为糖尿病司机比普通司机更容易发生道路交通事故;然而,风险并未增加。欧盟理事会最近制定了处理这一问题的指导方针,这将导致奥地利出台一项关于驾驶执照的新法律。这项立法目前正在审议中。我们建议,发证当局应从法律上界定需要使用可能有低血糖副作用的治疗方案(胰岛素和/或磺脲类药物)的患者与无低血糖风险的患者(仅通过饮食控制或使用磺脲类药物以外的口服抗糖尿病药物控制)之间的区别。此外,法律强制糖尿病司机参加一个结构化的教学项目,特别目的是告知其交通态度和避免驾车时发生低血糖,这对道路安全可能非常重要。