Nothnagel E A
Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA.
Int Rev Cytol. 1997;174:195-291. doi: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)62118-x.
After the context is set by a brief description of the plant cell surface, emphasis is placed on one class of cell surface components, the arabinogalactan proteins. An expansion of knowledge regarding the structure, expression, and function of these proteoglycans has been initiated and is being sustained through new experimental approaches, including the development of monoclonal antibody probes and the cloning of cDNAs corresponding to core polypeptides. An examination of the structure of both the polypeptide and carbohydrate components of arabinogalactan proteins is presented with emphasis placed on recently deduced core polypeptide sequences. Information about the biosynthesis and turnover of arabinogalactan proteins is incomplete, especially with regard to the carbohydrate component. Although functions of arabinogalactan proteins have not been clearly identified, regulated expression and several other lines of evidence point to involvement in plant reproductive development, pattern formation, and somatic embryogenesis, as well as in the underlying processes of cell division, cell expansion, and cell death. Arabinogalactan proteins are compared with animal proteoglycans and mucins, and the results of searches for plant analogues of other animal extracellular matrix components are examined.
在对植物细胞表面进行简要描述以设定背景之后，重点关注一类细胞表面成分，即阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白。通过新的实验方法，包括单克隆抗体探针的开发以及与核心多肽相对应的cDNA的克隆，关于这些蛋白聚糖的结构、表达和功能的知识已开始扩展并持续积累。本文介绍了阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白的多肽和碳水化合物成分的结构，重点是最近推导出来的核心多肽序列。关于阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白生物合成和周转的信息并不完整，尤其是关于碳水化合物成分方面。尽管阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白的功能尚未明确确定，但表达调控和其他几条证据表明其参与植物生殖发育、模式形成和体细胞胚胎发生，以及细胞分裂、细胞扩展和细胞死亡等潜在过程。将阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白与动物蛋白聚糖和粘蛋白进行了比较，并研究了寻找其他动物细胞外基质成分的植物类似物的结果。
