Lejoyeux M, Tassain V, Solomon J, Adès J
Department of Psychiatry, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1997 Apr;58(4):169-73. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v58n0406.
Compulsive buying is defined by the presence of repetitive impulsive and excessive buying leading to personal and familial distress. Patients with this disorder also suffer from mood disorder in 50% to 100% of the cases studied, and antidepressants help to decrease the frequency and the severity of uncontrolled buying. To define the correlation between compulsive buying and depression, we assessed this behavior among 119 inpatients answering to DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive episode. Additionally, we evaluated for comorbidity in the patients suffering from compulsive buying and in those free from this disorder. Impulsivity and sensation seeking were also compared in the two groups.
Diagnosis of compulsive buying was made using standardized criteria and a specific rating scale. Diagnosis of depression and assessment of comorbidity were investigated using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and a modified version of the Minnesota Impulsive Disorders Interview. All patients answered the Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale and the Barrat Impulsivity Rating Scale.
The prevalence of the disorder was 31.9%; 38 of the 119 depressed patients were diagnosed as compulsive buyers. Patients from the compulsive buying group were younger in age, more often women than men, and more frequently unmarried. They presented more often than others with recurrent depression (relative risk = 1.4), disorders associated with deficits in impulse control such as kleptomania (relative risk = 8.5) or bulimia (relative risk = 2.8), benzodiazepine abuse or dependence disorder (relative risk = 4.7), and two or more dependence disorders (relative risk = 1.99). Subscores for experience seeking using the Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale were significantly higher (p = .04) and scores of impulsivity were much higher (p < .0001) than corresponding scores in the group without compulsive buying behavior.
Compulsive buying is frequent among depressed patients. In most cases, the behavior is associated with other impulse control disorders or dependence disorders and a high level of impulsivity.
强迫性购物的定义为反复出现冲动性和过度购物行为，导致个人和家庭困扰。在已研究的病例中，50%至100%患有这种障碍的患者还患有情绪障碍，抗抑郁药有助于减少无节制购物的频率和严重程度。为了确定强迫性购物与抑郁症之间的相关性，我们对119名符合DSM-III-R标准的重度抑郁发作住院患者的这种行为进行了评估。此外，我们还评估了患有强迫性购物的患者和未患该障碍的患者的共病情况。两组患者的冲动性和寻求刺激倾向也进行了比较。
使用标准化标准和特定评分量表对强迫性购物进行诊断。使用迷你国际神经精神病学访谈和明尼苏达冲动障碍访谈的修改版对抑郁症进行诊断并评估共病情况。所有患者均回答了祖克曼寻求刺激量表和巴拉特冲动性评分量表。
该障碍的患病率为3,1.9%；119名抑郁症患者中有38名被诊断为强迫性购物者。强迫性购物组的患者年龄更小，女性多于男性，未婚的比例更高。他们比其他人更常出现复发性抑郁症（相对风险=1.4）、与冲动控制缺陷相关的障碍，如盗窃癖（相对风险=8.5）或贪食症（相对风险=2.8）、苯二氮䓬滥用或依赖障碍（相对风险=4.7）以及两种或更多种依赖障碍（相对风险=1.99）。使用祖克曼寻求刺激量表进行的寻求体验子分数显著更高（p=0.04），冲动性得分比无强迫性购物行为组的相应得分高得多（p<0.0001）。
强迫性购物在抑郁症患者中很常见。在大多数情况下，这种行为与其他冲动控制障碍或依赖障碍以及高度冲动性有关。
